1Questions: (1) Which species dominate mid-successional old-fields in Hungary? How does 2 the identity of these species relate to local (patch-scale) diversity and to the progress of 3 succession? (2) Which species have the strongest negative impact on diversity in spontaneous 4 old-field succession and what generalizations are possible about the traits of these species? 5 (3) Are these species dominant or subordinate components in mature target communities? (4) 6 Do native or alien species have stronger effects on the diversity and progress of succession? 7Location: Abandoned agricultural fields (abandoned croplands, orchards and vineyards) at 8 various locations scattered throughout Hungary. 9Methods: Vegetation patterns on 112 old-fields, in 25 sites varying in soils and climatic 10 conditions, topography, landscape contexts and land use histories were sampled. Most old-11 fields had appropriate seed sources in the immediate vicinity, i.e. natural or semi-natural 12 grasslands (meadows steppes, closed and open sand steppes) as source and target habitats. 13The age of abandoned fields ranged from 1 to 69 years, but most sites were between 15 and 14 60 years. The cover of vascular plant species (in %) was estimated in 2 m x 2 m plots. 15Relationships between diversity, the progress of succession (similarity to target communities) 16 and the identity of dominants were tested. 17Results: A small portion of successional dominants (eight species) had strong negative 18 impacts on diversity. These species belonged to Poaceae, Asteraceae and Fabaceae families. 19Most of these species were wind pollinated, and capable of lateral vegetative spread. 20 Dominant species varied in size and had, on average, low requirements for nitrogen but a 21 high requirement for light. With one exception, Solidago gigantea, they were native to the 22

The first version of the map of the Hungarian vegetation-based landscape regions were prepared at the scale of 1 : 200,000 (1 km or higher resolution). The primary goal of the map was to provide an exact background for the presentation and evaluation of the data of the MÉTA database. Secondly, we intended to give an up-to-date and detailed vegetation-based division of Hungary with a comprehensive nomenclature of the regions. Regions were primar- 0236-6495/$ 20.00 © 2008 Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest ily defined on the basis of their present zonal vegetation, or their dominant extrazonal or edaphic vegetation. Where this was not possible, abiotic factors that influence the potential vegetation, the flora were taken into consideration, thus, political and economical factors were ignored. All region borders were defined by local expert botanists, mainly based on their field knowledge. The map differs in many features from the currently used, country-wide, flora-or geography-based divisions in many features. We consider our map to be temporary (i.e. a work map), and we plan to refine and improve it after 5 years of testing.

There are two morphologically similar and closely related eastern species of lizard orchids of the Eurasian Himantoglossum Sprengel (1826: 694) that, according to current literature (Sundermann 1980, Buttler 1996, Kreutz 1998, Baumann et al. 2006, Delforge 2006), can easily be distinguished by anthocyanin markings on the labella (‘lips’) of their flowers, H. caprinum (Marschall von Bieberstein 1819: 602) Sprengel (1826: 694) is said to have papillate red spots on the lip, whereas H. affine (Boissier 1882: 56) Schlechter (1918: 287) lacks such marks. We consider the length of labellar papillae as another character separating them; the former has up to 0.5 mm long papillae, whereas in the latter they rarely reach 0.1 mm. Furthermore, two quantitative morphological characters consistently mentioned in the literature are said to show little if any overlap between—and therefore be diagnostic of—the two species: (i) the length of the lateral lobe of the labellum, and (ii) the length of the labellar spur.

Jelen közlemény rövid áttekintést nyújt a mocsári kockásliliom (Fritillaria meleagris L.) nevezéktanáról, rendszertanáról, alak- és szövettanáról, életciklusáról, fenológiájáról, szaporodás-biológiájáról, élőhelyválasztásáról, biotikus interakcióiról, hatóanyagairól, mikroszaporításáról, felhasználási lehetőségeiről és veszélyeztetettségéről. Pontosítottuk a faj európai elterjedési térképét és kiegészítéseket teszünk a hazai előfordulásaihoz. Saját adatokat közlünk a növény magképzési sikeréről, ezermagtömegéről, hazai állományainak demográfiai jellemzőiről, valamint termőhelyeinek talaj-adottságairól.

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The paper presents new records for 39 vascular plant species from eight Eurasian countries. Aniselytron treutleri (Poaceae), Hackelochloa granularis (Poaceae), Melica kozlovii (Poaceae) and Melica nutans (Poaceae) are reported from China; Dichondra micrantha (Convolvulaceae) from Hungary; Orobanche serbica (Orobanchaceae) and Viscum album subsp. austriacum (Santalaceae) from Italy; Petrorhagia prolifera (Caryophyllaceae), Puccinellia schischkinii and Stipa pulcherrima (Poaceae) from Kyrgyzstan; Megadenia speluncarum (Brassicaceae), Phelipanche lavandulacea (Orobanchaceae), Solanum physalifolium (Solanaceae), Thymus lenensis (Lamiaceae) from Russia; Rubus phoenicolasius (Rosaceae) from Slovakia; Atraphaxis karataviensis (Polygonaceae) from Tajikistan; as well as Rubus austroslovacus and R. crispomarginatus

Th e fi rst part of the newly launched series includes miscellaneous new records from fungi to vascular plants. New Th e present paper includes also the revision of the occurrence of Calamag rostis villosa in Hungary and concludes that it has been extinct in the country.

A new name, Himantoglossum jankae, is given to the widely recognised lizard orchid species that is distributed primarily in the Balkan Peninsula and the northwestern region of Asia Minor and has been erroneously named H. caprinum in most previous literature. The new species differs from its closest relatives in having the combination of relatively large, reddish-purple coloured flowers and labella that bear red papillate spots and comparatively long spurs. We present a morphological description of H. jankae, together with illustrations, distribution information and diagnostic comparisons with H. calcaratum, H. adriaticum and H. caprinum.