We present numerical evidence for the existence of spinning generalizations for non-topological Q-ball solitons in the theory of a complex scalar field with a non-renormalizable self-interaction.To the best of our knowledge, this provides the first explicit example of spinning solitons in 3 + 1 dimensional Minkowski space. In addition, we find an infinite discrete family of radial excitations of non-rotating Q-balls, and construct also spinning Q-balls in 2 + 1 dimensions.
We present a review of gravitating particle-like and black hole solutions with non-Abelian gauge fields. The emphasis is given to the description of the structure of the solutions and to the connection with the results of flat space soliton physics. We describe the Bartnik-McKinnon solitons and the non-Abelian black holes arising in the Einstein-Yang-Mills theory, and consider their various generalizations. These include axially symmetric and slowly rotating configurations, solutions with higher gauge groups, Λ-term, dilaton, and higher curvature corrections. The stability issue is discussed as well. We also describe the gravitating generalizations for flat space monopoles, sphalerons, and Skyrmions.
We review the current status of the problem of constructing classical field theory solutions describing stationary vortex rings in Minkowski space in 3 + 1 dimensions. We describe the known up to date solutions of this type, such as the static knot solitons stabilized by the topological Hopf charge, the attempts to gauge them, the anomalous solitons stabilized by the Chern-Simons number, as well as the non-Abelian monopole and sphaleron rings. Passing to the rotating solutions, we first discuss the conditions insuring that they do not radiate, and then describe the spinning Q-balls, their twisted and gauged generalizations reported here for the first time, spinning skyrmions, and rotating monopole-antimonopole pairs. We then present the first explicit construction of global vortons as solutions of the elliptic boundary value problem, which demonstrates their non-radiating character. Finally, we describe the analogs of vortons in the Bose-Einstein condensates, analogs of spinning Q-balls in the non-linear optics, and also moving vortex rings in superfluid helium and in ferromagnetics.
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