Lattice towers are extensively built in Europe and worldwide to serve telecommunication or power transmission purposes. The structural members of such towers are frequently made of equal leg angle sections that are often preferred to tubular sections due to their easy connection that results in a simple erection, a requirement set by most telecommunication or power providers. Angle sizes range from light to heavy sections with leg lengths up to 300 mm for towers with significant height. Towers, especially telecommunication ones, may need to be strengthened due to the fact that, during the design life, heavier or larger antennas resulting in a heavier wind loading may be installed. As an alternative to conventional methods, hybrid strengthening of tower angle members with carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRP) strips may be employed.
The present paper provides an overview of ANGELHY, an RFCS‐funded research project that comes toward its end. The scope of the project is the establishment of analysis methods for lattice towers and the development of design rules for steel and hybrid angle sections, as well as built‐up members composed of angles.
The highest transparency in glass facades is obtained with point fitted glass units. Point fitted insulating glass units minimize thermal bridging and lead to glass facades with better energy efficiency. Though, insufficient knowledge is present to offer a design method for point fittings in insulating glass. Therefore research has been carried out to extend the existing SLG-design-method (Linear superposition of local and global stress components) of Beyer for point fitted single and laminated glass to insulation glass units. This paper presents the first results of this research campaign. Load bearing tests on point fittings in single glazing have been conducted. A finite element model of the point fitting is calibrated by strain comparison. A test campaign for the deviation of a material law for silicone, used as secondary sealant in the edge seal system, is presented. The verified FE-model is implemented in a selected insulation glass unit, and the influence of the edge distance of the point fitting, as well as the edge bond stiffness and geometry on the stress peak at the borehole is investigated. In addition, the size of the so called 'local area' is adjusted for insulation glass units.
Data-Centric Engineering is an emerging branch of science that certainly will take on a leading role in data-driven research. We live in the Big Data era with huge amounts of available data and unseen computing power, and therefore a crafty combination of Statistics (or, in more modern terms, Data Science), Computer Science and Engineering is required to filter out the most important information, master the ever more difficult challenges of a changing world and open new paths. In this paper, we will highlight some of these aspects from a combined perspective of a statistician, an engineer and a software developer. In particular, we will focus on sound data handling and analysis, computational science in Structural Engineering, data care, security and monitoring, and conclude with an outlook on future developments.
Telecommunication or power transmission lattice towers may be in need of strengthening due to enhanced operational requirements of 5G systems or extension and upgrading of existing power lines. The members of such towers are mostly angle sections that are conventionally strengthened by a second profile to become a built‐up member. As an alternative, hybrid strengthening of tower angle members with carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRP) plates may be employed. The present paper provides experimental tests on hybrid angles that include bending tests and compression tests carried out in the frame of the RFCS research project ANGELHY. In 3‐point bending tests the specimens were subjected to loading along the principal and the geometric axes. They allow the definition of the bending capacity and the development of appropriate design rules for hybrid cross‐sections. The compression tests were performed on specimens of different length and loading eccentricity, with FRPs attached to one or both sides of the legs. Important parameters influencing the buckling capacity were detected.
Slim‐Floor‐Träger als teilweise einbetonierte Verbundträger erlauben besonders geringe Konstruktionshöhen bei dennoch großen Spannweiten. Das Ziel des europäischen Forschungsprojekts „SlimAPP – Slim‐Floor Beams – Preparation of Application rules in view of improved safety, functionality and LCA“ war die Verbesserung der Wettbewerbsfähigkeit von Stahlanwendungen in Gebäuden durch die Entwicklung von verlässlichen und vorteilhaften Anwendungsregeln für Slim‐Floor‐Träger in Bezug auf Sicherheit, Funktionalität und Lebenszyklusbewertungen. Neben einem ganzheitlichen Ansatz, der alle Gesichtspunkte eines optimalen technischen und nachhaltigen Entwurfs berücksichtigt, wurde ein besonderer Schwerpunkt auf den Einfluss der Schubtragfähigkeit von effizienten Verbundmitteln aus Betondübeln mit Bewehrungsstählen gelegt. Für Slim‐Floor‐Träger, die bisher im Eurocode 4 nicht berücksichtigt sind, wurde die Anwendung der bekannten Bemessungsregeln geprüft und zum Teil neue Regeln für die Bemessung insbesondere der Betondübel entwickelt. Mithilfe von Beispielen verschiedener Slim‐Floor‐Lösungen wird die Bemessung im Grenzzustand der Tragfähigkeit und Gebrauchstauglichkeit erläutert und mit einer ganzheitlichen Lebenszyklusanalyse untereinander verglichen.
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