A precondition for a more circular economy is a more efficient use of resources and the utilisation of waste as a resource. However, the existing regulation of waste does not always promote this as its primary aim is to ensure safe waste handling. In order to improve a better utilisation of waste as a resource a first step is to get a better understanding of the barriers that hinders the utilisation of waste as a resource. The aim of this report is twofold. Firstly, to describe the formal barriers that hinders the recycling, reuse or other utilisation of biowaste. The focus is both on barriers related to regulation (from EU to national level), demands from authorities, taxes, business standards and certification schemes. Secondly, to point at solutions that can minimise these barriers at different policy levels. Some barriers can be addressed on a national or local level whereas others must be addressed through EU. We hope the report can inspire policy makers in the Nordic countries and elsewhere to work for the removal of barriers that hinder the utilisation of biowaste as a resource. The report has been written by a group of Nordic consultants: NIRAS (DK, NO and SE), VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland (FI) and Copenhagen Resource Institute (DK). February 2017 Signe Krarup Chairman of the Working Group on Environment and Economy under the Nordic Council of Ministers Safety of products. End of waste criteria. Private public dilemmas. These policy areas are, to a large extent, dependent on EU regulations, which means that significant changes in these areas need to be addressed at the EU level. Policy approaches that ease transition are broadly in line with the EU's Circular Economy agenda, which indicates that there could be broad support for such changes from EU institutions and Member States.
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