Formative assessment and personalised feedback are commonly recognised as key factors both for improving students' performance and increasing their motivation and engagement (Gibbs and Simpson, 2005). Currently, in large and massive open online courses (MOOCs), technological solutions to give feedback are often limited to quizzes of different kinds. At present, one of our challenges is to provide feedback for open-ended questions through semantic technologies in a sustainable way.To face such a challenge, our academic team decided to use a test based on latent semantic analysis (LSA) and chose an automatic assessment tool named G-Rubric. G-Rubric was developed by researchers at the Developmental and Educational Psychology Department of UNED (Spanish national distance education university). By using G-Rubric, automated formative and iterative feedback was provided to students for different types of open-ended questions (70-800 words). This feedback allowed students to improve their answers and writing skills, thus contributing both to a better grasp of concepts and to the building of knowledge.In this paper, we present the promising results of our first experiences with UNED business degree students along three academic courses (2014-15, 2015-16 and 2016-17). These experiences show to what extent assessment software such as G-Rubric is mature enough to be used with students. It offers them enriched and personalised feedback that proved entirely satisfactory. Furthermore, G-Rubric could help to deal with the problems related to manual grading, even though our final goal is not to replace tutors by semantic tools, but to give support to tutors who are grading assignments.
ResumenEl objetivo de este trabajo es presentar una experiencia que permite mostrar la utilidad de los MOOC en los programas de formación del profesorado. El punto de partida para la experiencia de formación descrita en este trabajo fue el curso COMA (Curso Online Masivo y Abierto) titulado "TICs para enseñar y aprender" diseñado por profesores de la UNED y de la Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, ambas de España. Este curso ha tenido hasta el momento tres ediciones, dos en la plataforma UNED-COMA y una en la plataforma MiriadaX. Estas tres ediciones superaron los 12,700 inscritos de los cuales comenzaron el curso 8.968, si bien el porcentaje que obtuvieron su certificado solo alcanzó el 9,9%. Sobre la base del MOOC se diseñó una modalidad formativa denominada SPOC (Small Private Online Course). De acuerdo con esta modalidad la formación se dirigió a un grupo restringido de personas (docentes de la Facultad de Medicina de la U. de El Salvador) a los que, junto a los materiales del MOOC, se les proporcionaron servicios de apoyo y tutorización característicos de la enseñanza en línea y del "blended learning". En esta experiencia el 64% de los participantes consiguieron superar el curso. Se muestra como, al añadir a un MOOC los servicios de apoyo característicos de la formación a distancia y en línea, se puede mejorar notablemente la eficiencia de estos cursos masivos en cuanto al número de personas que alcanzan los objetivos formativos previstos. Esta acción formativa se desarrolló en el marco del programa de cooperación internacional de la UNED. Palabras Clave: MOOC, formación del profesorado, SPOC. AbstractThe main goal of this article is to highlight the benefit of implementing Massive Online Open Courses (MOOCs) in the context of teacher training programs. The article analyzes the design of a "Small Private Online Course" (SPOC). The SPOC takes as starting point the MOOC "ICT for teaching and lerning" and offered it to a reduced group, providing them with tutoring and support materials. The MOOC course chosen was jointly designed by professors from the UNED and the Polytechnic University of Cartagena. So far, there have been three editions of this course. Two of them were offered in the UNED-COMA platform and the third in the MiriadaX platform. These three editions jointly exceeded 12,700 participants enrolled, of whom only 9.9% obtained a certificate. This MOOC served as basis for the development of a SPOC. The course was offered to professors from the Faculty of Medicine of the University of El Salvador. The professors enrolled in the SPOC benefited from three main areas that characterize blended-learning systems: independent generation of Esta obra está bajo una Licencia Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivar 4.0 Internacional
In a world defined by rapid change, the search for solutions to societal challenges has become more complex calling for new paradigms of innovation focused on collaborations with the community and users. Co-creation approaches in the design and production of a service or product can bring low-cost innovation and unique and personalized customer experiences leading to user acceptance of a product or service. Under a co-creation perspective, the participatory approach developed in the MINDInclusion project aims to improve the inclusion of people with intellectual disabilities into public places and society by using a co-created online tool based on people with disabilities’ personal experiences. Paying special attention to the Design thinking method, the main goal of this experience was to co-create cognitive accessible design tools that guide the collection of users and other stakeholders experiences in the process of defining problems and solutions. To this end, 14 researchers and educators worked defining together a set of guiding exercises and design thinking methods for the 4 co-design cycles. To add an interactive and playful approach two tools were created to gather information to recreate as a final output “personas scenarios”, an “empathy map” and expected “use scenarios” that will guide the development of the web-tool based on user-centred specifications. The results have shown two tools. The former was an adapted game board about public places based on the traditional monopoly game and the latter a diary with a set of activities that will facilitate the collection of contextual information. Previous experiences have shown that co-design process can promote greater social cohesion, acceptance and empowerment. However, working with people with intellectual disability presents several challenges since the co-creation process needs to be cognitive accessible. This experience resulted in the creation of two cognitive accessible tools that can be extrapolated to other contexts.
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