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The gender of the offender has been proved to be an important factor in judicial sentencing. In this study, we analyze the judgments of College students regarding perpetrators of familial homicides to evaluate the presence of these gender norms and biases in the larger society. The sample included 303 college students (54.8% female) enrolled in several social sciences and engineering courses. Participants were asked to read 12 vignettes based on real crimes taken from Portuguese newspapers. Half were related to infanticide, and half were related to intimate partner homicide. The sex of the offender was orthogonally manipulated to the type of crime. The results show that gender had an important impact on sentences, with males being more harshly penalized by reasons of perversity and women less penalized by reason of mental disorders. In addition, filicide was more heavily penalized than was intimate partner homicide. The results also revealed a tendency toward a retributive conception of punishment. We discuss how gender norms in justice seem to be embedded in society as well as the need for intervention against the punitive tendency of this population.

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In this study, we address previous evidence about the interchangeable use of derogation and disidentification in protecting the self from intragroup deviance. We argue that when the in-group stands for a valued social identity, members may disidentify from the group, but only if the immediate context provides no opportunity to derogate. In the present experiments (n = 80 and n = 79), we provided or did not provide participants with the opportunity to recommend a punishment for an in-group or an out-group deviant. We also measured in-group identification before and after exposure to deviant behavior and after judgment. The results show that participants first disidentified from the in-group but, when presented with an opportunity to judge the deviant, also derogated. Importantly, participants who could judge the deviant also recovered their initial in-group identification level. Participants' reactions to the out-group deviant suggest they used an intergroup rather than intragroup strategy.

a implementação de ações de sensibilização visando o público em geral, a fim de atenuar o impacto dos fatores estruturais sobre a vida dos atuais e potenciais viciados em drogas.

In this article, we provide a feminist perspective on neonaticidal women while critically examining the mainstream literature. We analyze 26 cases reported between 2003 and 2013 in a Portuguese online newspaper. We conclude that neonaticide must be framed by two main lines of thought: Motherhood is a social construction that imposes difficult-to-achieve norms, and it is a complex experience, intercepted by age, social class, marital status, and having other children. This approach should encourage a shift from the present focus on palliative and punitive measures to a more preemptive one including new policies on sexual education and pregnancy termination.

The goal of the present research was to validate a Portuguese version of Pearl and Galupo's (2007) Attitudes toward Same-Sex Marriage Scale (ATSM). Participants were 1,402 heterosexual men and women that completed an on-line questionnaire. The final 15-item scale formed a single factor showing high internal consistency, as also obtained in the original validation study. In a general way, the results indicate a clearly positive attitude toward same-sex marriage. Furthermore, analysis of the scale's predictors demonstrates how a left-wing orientation and the level of denial of deservingness for lesbian/gay discrimination prove to be the best predictors of attitudes towards same-sex marriage. On the whole, these results indicate that the Portuguese ATSM version is a reliable instrument for carrying out scientific research and measuring and monitoring public opinion on this subject.Keywords: Same-sex marriage, scale validation, Attitudes, predictors ResúmenEl objetivo del presente estudio fue validar la versión en portugués de Escala de Actitudes hacia el casamiento entre personas del mismo sexo (ATSM) de Pearl y Galupo (2007). Los participantes fueran 1.402 hombres y mujeres heterosexuales que completaran este cuestionario on-line. La escala final de 15 ítems formó un solo factor que muestra una alta consistencia interna, también obtenida en el estudio de validación inicial. De manera general, los resultados indican una actitud claramente positiva hacia el matrimonio entre personas del mismo sexo. Además, el análisis de los predictores de la escala muestra cómo una orientación de izquierda y el nivel de negación del 3 merecimiento de la discriminación de lesbianas / gay son los mejores predictores de las actitudes hacia el casamiento entre personas del mismo sexo. En conjunto, estos resultados indican que la versión ATSM portugués es un instrumento fiable para llevar a cabo investigación científica, la medición y seguimiento de la opinión pública sobre este tema. also promulgated same-sex marriage either fully or in equivalent legal forms. As a result, same-sex marriage has gained increasing coverage in the national and global media. Despite the increasing globalization of this phenomenon, the majority of the studies in this area were developed in the US, while in European countries this research area still remains underdeveloped.Since the 2000's, Portugal has introduced legislation to prevent discrimination.Either by protecting individual rights, such as the explicit reference to sexual orientation in the Constitutional Principle of Equality (article 13) in 2004, or by securing relational rights, such as the introduction of same-sex de facto unions in 2001 and the same-sex marriage law in 2010 (Roseneil, Crowhurst, Hellsund, Santos, & Stoilova, 2013). As argued by Author (2013), these legislative changes do not seem to be enough to challenge widespread heterosexism, in contexts such as public demonstrations of affects between same-sex couples or feelings of multiple discrimination in the public sphere.Ther...

Resumo Na sequência de anteriores tentativas de integrar o bullying e a homofobia na adolescência, a presente investigação visou estender o estudo ao cyberbullying e abordar o fenómeno no contexto Português. Assim, foi pedido a 688 estudantes da Universidade do Porto que recordassem as suas experiências de cyberbullying e de Comunicação de Teor Homofóbico (CTH) durante a adolescência. Os resultados revelaram que 67% da amostra foram alvo e 34% agente de pelo menos uma ocorrência de cyberbullying. Foram ainda identificadas 44 vítimas frequentes e 10 perpetradores/as frequentes. A CTH é frequente (45%) particularmente com amigos/as (34%), mas também com desconhecidos/as (23%). Confirmando as nossas hipóteses, foram encontradas correlações significativas entre as frequências de comportamentos de cyberbullying e de CTH, como vítima ou como perpetrador. Os resultados sugerem, pois, que há a necessidade, ao nível da intervenção no bullying e cyberbullying adolescente, de confrontar diretamente a sua componente homofóbica.