This study's objective is to examine the relationship between emotional demands and emotional social support at work, and the impact of resilience on health. A cross-sectional study of 156 firefighters was conducted. Descriptive analyses of the study's variables were performed, along with structural equation analysis and hierarchical regression analysis. The results suggest statistically significant relationships among the study's variables. Social support from one's boss and intense emotional demands were found to have an interaction effect on firefighters' resilience. The findings confirm the mediating role of resilience and the relationship with emotional social support from the boss on firefighters' occupational health.
Background: In working women, there are barriers when combining the mother and work role, especially during the breastfeeding period. Recent literature shows that improving organizational support increases trust performance via different domains (i.e., organizational identification) and that improving support for breastfeeding increases lactation rates and duration. Breastfeeding support in the workplace is one component that contributes to a mother's ability to continue to breastfeed once she has returned to work. This is a Human Resource Management practice that facilitates a work-life balance. Working mothers have, at least, two roles: mother and worker and, when mothers return to work, they have to manage both identities. Is lactation a way to keep both identities connected? Is organizational support of breastfeeding a way to improve organizational identification? The aim of this paper is to analyze a hierarchical model to explain how managers and co-worker support to breastfeeding predict trust and organizational identity in a sample of Spanish working mothers (N = 1,028). Materials and Methods: To analyze the indirect effect, it was tested using a mediation model with PROCESS in two random samples and carried out structural equation modeling to confirm structural relationship in the proposed model. Results: Outcomes reveal effects of managers' support to lactation and vertical trust in organizational identity but not in co-worker path. Conclusion: The findings suggest the manager's role in maintaining trust from working women and create and maintenance organizational identification.
Resumen: El concepto de comparación social ha despertado gran interés en a investigación que lo evalúan con el estado de salud. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo revisar el constructo de comparación social en enfermos oncológicos y de dolor crónico y estudiar la relación de la comparación social con otras variables psicosociales y resultados adaptativos. Para ello se consultaron las bases de datos Medline y PsycInfo y se obtuvieron un total de 69 trabajos para enfermos oncológicos y 22 para pacientes con enfermedad crónica. Para la revisión del constructo, se seleccionaron un total de 20 estudios empíricos en enfermos oncológicos y 9 en enfermos crónicos. Entre los principales resultados de la revisión realizada, estos muestran que la mayoría de los trabajos han utilizado herramienta elaborado ad hoc, dificultando la replicación de los resultados. Además, no todos los trabajos consultados incluyen las dos dimensiones de la comparación social (orientación e interpretación) para analizar adecuadamente la influencia de la comparación social. Las implicaciones teóricas son discutidas en el trabajo. Palabras clave: comparación social; psicosocial; cáncer; dolor crónico.Title: Social Comparison and related psychosocial variables: a review of cancer and chronic pain. Abstract: The concept of social comparison has aroused great interest in the research that evaluated the health state. The aims of this paper are to review the construct of social comparison in cancer patients and chronic pain and to study the relationship of social comparison with other psychosocial variables and adaptive outcomes. It was consulted databases Medline and PsycInfo and obtained a total of 69 report for cancer patients and 20 for patients with chronic disease. To the construct review, we selected a total of 22 empirical studies in cancer patients and 9 studies to chronic disease. The results of the review showed that most studies have used ad hoc developed tool. This is an obstacle to results replication. Moreover, not all the papers consulted include the two dimensions of social comparison (orientation and interpretation) to properly analyze the influence of social comparison. The theoretical implications are discussed at paper. Key words: social comparison; psychosocial; cancer; chronic pain. IntroducciónEl concepto de comparación social (CS) y su influencia en los resultados de salud y en la adaptación de los pacientes crónicos, ha despertado un interés creciente en la investigación, y así se refleja en el mayor número de estudios que lo evalúan relacionándolo con el estado de salud (Buunk y Gibbons, 1997;Taylor y Lobel, 1989;Wills, 1997;Suls y Wheeler;. De un modo sencillo, podríamos decir que evaluar un problema de salud como "amenaza" percibida produce incertidumbre, y ésta aumenta la necesidad de información y, por lo tanto, el deseo de comparación. Este proceso, según el tipo de comparación que se realice, podría tener fines más o menos adaptativos (Gibbons y Buunk, 1999; Taylor, Buunk y Aspinwall, 1990). Por ejemplo, en algunos...
a b s t r a c tWithin the framework of research on students' active performance in their study habits, the aim of this study is to analyze a model predicting the effect of social identity and personal initiative on engagement in university students. We conducted a cross-sectional study on 266 students from different Spanish universities. The resulting data were analyzed using SPSS Macro MEDIATE. Evidence was found for the proposed model. Only group-identity predicted personal initiative and engagement. Analysis revealed the mediating role of proactive behavior on engagement in university students. It is concluded that the university management may intervene, from an organizational-culture approach, promoting guidelines to reinforce students' sense of belonging by enhancing initiative and autonomous problem solving in learning behaviors. © 2016 Colegio Oficial de Psicólogos de Madrid. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). La identidad social y el compromiso: estudio exploratorio en la universidadPalabras clave: Identidad social Compromiso Iniciativa personal r e s u m e n Dentro del marco de investigación sobre desempeño activo de estudiantes, el objetivo de este trabajo es analizar un modelo predictor del efecto de identidad social e iniciativa personal en el compromiso de estudiantes universitarios. Se llevó a cabo un estudio transversal con 266 alumnos de diversas universidades españolas. Los datos se analizaron con la Macro MEDIATE de SPSS. Se encontraron pruebas para el modelo propuesto. Sólo la identidad grupal predecía la iniciativa personal y el engagement. El análisis mostró el papel mediador de la iniciativa personal en el engagement de estudiantes universitarios. Entre las conclusiones se destaca la posibilidad de promover desde la Universidad el sentido de pertenencia para generar iniciativa personal y la solución autónoma de problemas en los comportamientos de aprendizaje.
(1) Background: The present study examined how social comparison orientation, stress appraisal and different social comparison strategies interact in women facing chronic illness. (2) Methods: Assessments were conducted by a trained professional in face-to face semistructured interviews (n = 179 women with chronic illness). Main outcome measures included social comparison scales and a stress appraisal questionnaire. The mediation model, by a bootstrapping procedure, was used to analyze the interaction among variables. (3) Results: Regarding the relationships among variables studied, they were related to each other except for a downward contrast, which allowed us to propose our hypothetical mediation model. Results showed that stress appraisal fully mediates between social comparison orientation and social comparison strategies except for the upward identification strategy. (4) Conclusions: Our results suggest that uncertainty, feelings of threat and low control over one’s illness or, in general, stress appraisal, had an important mediating effects over social comparison processes in patients with chronic illnesses. Therefore, by understanding the stress appraisal process, and the variables that might modify it, we could improve the use of social comparison as a favorable coping strategy.
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