This study supports encouraging family presence during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The majority of parents who had been present and those who had not been present believed that all families should be given the option to be present.

The frequency and impact of pediatric counseling can be enhanced by experiential training that targets specific injury hazards. Because low-income families face many barriers to carrying out the recommended safety practices, supplemental strategies are needed to ensure safer homes.

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The present research was designed to contribute to the empirical literature on the scope and determinants of parents' injury prevention practices among families living in disadvantaged, urban areas. One hundred fifty mothers were interviewed about their living environment when they brought their children (ages 6-36 months) to a hospital-based, pediatric primary care clinic. Only 37% of respondents reported that they knew their hot water temperature was 125 degrees or less. A majority (59%) of families reported that they did not use stair gates. More than one fourth (27%) of respondents said they did not have smoke detectors. Mothers uniformly reported very favorable attitudes and beliefs and strong support from others for in-home injury prevention practices. Factors significantly associated with the number of injury prevention practices implemented were family income, housing quality, and environmental barriers. Instead of attempting solely to persuade parents about the value of injury prevention practices, skill-based interventions are needed to help parents overcome specific barriers that result from living in substandard housing and having very limited financial resources.

The introduction of ClicTate into the health maintenance encounter positively affected several aspects of parent-clinician communication in a pediatric clinic setting. These results support the integration of computer-based documentation into primary care pediatric visits.

PCRNs are generally supportive of organ donation but have a self-perceived and objectively identified knowledge deficit regarding DCD, resulting in their being unprepared to identify potential DCD donors or handle family questions. A simple educational intervention can improve PCRNs' knowledge of the DCD process and their confidence and comfort with this process. As DCD policies are implemented, specific interventions should target these key members of the intensive care unit team.

Study Purpose. Injury remains the leading cause of death in children aged 1 to 4 years.Past studies of determinants of injuries among young children have most often focused on the microlevel, examining characteristics of the child, parent, family, and home environments. We sought to determine whether and how selected neighborhood economic and physical characteristics within these low-income communities are related to differences in risk of events with injury-producing potential among infants and young children.Methods. Our study used both individual-level data and information on the characteristics of the neighborhood of residence to describe the prevalence of events with injury-producing potential among infants and young children in three low-income communities in Baltimore City, Maryland. Our sample was 288 respondents who participated in a random household survey. Information on respondent (age, employment, and length of residence in the neighborhood) and neighborhood characteristics (average per capita income, rate of housing violations, and crime rate) were available. Methods of multilevel Poisson regression analysis were employed to identify which of these characteristics were associated with increased risk of experiencing an event with injury-producing potential in the month prior to the interview.Results. Although all three communities were considered low income, considerable variation in neighborhood characteristics and 1-month prevalence rates of events with injuryproducing potential were observed. Younger age of respondent and higher rates of housing violations were associated significantly with increased risk of a child under 5 years old in the household experiencing an event with injury-producing potential.