This qualitative descriptive study explored helpful nursing care from the perspective of children with suicide-associated risk factors, and their parents. Data were collected through participant observation followed by a debriefing session with children, and semi-structured interviews with parents. The inductive analysis revealed four themes of helpful interventions: (1) caring for the child as a special person; (2) caring for the parents; (3) managing the child's illness; and (4) creating a therapeutic environment. The study findings highlight the importance of the relational aspect of nursing care and provide important insights related to family-centered and strengths-based practice with children at increased risk for suicide later in life.
Background: Reliable obesity assessment is essential in evaluating the risk of cardiovascular risk factors (CRFs). Non-availability of clearly defined cutoffs for body fat percentage (BF%), as well as a widespread application of surrogate measures for obesity assessment, may result in incorrect prediction of cardio-metabolic risk. Purpose: The study aimed to determine optimal cutoff points for BF%, with a view of predicting the CRFs related to obesity. Patients and Methods: The study involved 4735 (33.6% of men) individuals, the Polish-Norwegian Study (PONS) participants, aged 45-64. BF% was measured with the aid of bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) method. The gender-specific cutoffs of BF% were found with respect to at least one CRF. A P-value approach, and receiver operating characteristic curve analyses were pursued for BF% cutoffs , which optimally differentiated normal from the risk groups. The associations between BF% and CRFs were determined by logistic regression models. Results: The cutoffs for BF% were established as 25.8% for men and 37.1% for women. With the exception of dyslipidemia, in men and women whose BF% was above the cutoffs , the odds for developing CRFs ranged 2-4 times higher than those whose BF% was below the cutoffs. Conclusion: Controlling BF% below the thresholds indicating an increased health hazard may be instrumental in appreciably reducing overall exposure to developing cardiometabolic risk.
The main goal of the paper is to attempt a typology of karst lakes in the Połaniec Basin (Małopolska Upland). The typology was conducted on the basis of a dependence analysis of several essential morphometric parameters of lake basins. The considered data comprised 23 lakes with respect to 15 morphometric features. The correlation analysis, mainly of a group of lakes located in single karst sinkholes, revealed that the length and width of basins are strongly correlated. It is also noticeable that basin shape determines lake volume, even though pools of similar water volume may differ in area. Moreover, an increase in the maximum depth of basins does not necessarily imply any increase in volume. Likewise, there is no prevalent dependence between basin area and maximum depth. The cluster analysis, among reasonable indications, generally identified a division of the considered lakes into two sets. One of the sets comprises Duży Staw and Dziki Staw, while the other consists of all the other lakes. Less frequent divisions into three indicated Duży Staw, Dziki Staw, and Czwarty Staw as the leading lakes. Divisions into 19-22 clusters were also suggested, but this does not seem to be reliable. As a consequence, the cluster analysis showed that Duży Staw and Dziki Staw stand out the most from the other lakes. This remainder constitutes rather close to each other, but not an ideally uniform group of lakes.
Introduction. E-Health tools allow a medical facility to set a given patient's data in order using ICT techniques, and the patient to use those techniques when contacting a given organisation. Materials and method. Secondary statistical data was used in the research. The study was carried out among primary health care patients. Mining for affinity rules was done in the R programme. The apriori and inspect functions from the arules package were used. Moreover, any redundant rules were removed from thoseobtained using the afero-mentioned method. Applying the general description of the affinity analysis method onto the survey described herein, it should be stressed that the aim of using affinity analysis was to discover the rules which contain the sub-transaction B={V_6=1} as a consequent. This was determined by the intention to discover associations regarding the knowledge about a uniform information system that the patients under study might have. Results. In the discovered rules, the antecedent most often contained an indication of the need for introducing a uniform solution as regards telemedicine. Moreover, according to the opinions of ‚conscious'patients, a uniform IT system should improve the work at primary health care institutions, introducing an on-line booking system for visits should improve the productivity and comfort of doctors, and an IT system should provide unambiguous identification of a patient. Conclusions. There is potential in using affinity analysis within e-Health. The example of affinity analysis described in his study led to the discovery of interesting and important (from the point of view of a medical facility) regularities regarding the knowledge and expectations of patients as regards e-Health.
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