BackgroundInterleukin-17 plays important role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The aim of this study was to examine the associations between polymorphisms in the IL17A and IL17F genes and RA.MethodsWe examined 422 RA patients and 337 subjects as a control group. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the IL17A (rs2275913) and IL17F (rs763780, rs11465553, rs2397084) genes were genotyped using TaqMan genotyping assays from Life Technologies Genomic.ResultsThere were no significant differences in distribution of IL17A and IL17F genotypes and alleles between RA patients and control group. There were no significant associations between IL17A and IL17F genotypes and age of disease diagnosis rheumatoid factor, erosive disease as well as extra-articular manifestations.ConclusionsThe results of this study suggest, that IL17A and IL17F gene polymorphism are not the important factors associated with susceptibility and some clinical parameters of RA in a Polish population.
Abstract. insulin-like growth factor 2 (igf2) and 1 (igf1) and insulin (inS) promote proliferation of rhabdomyosarcoma (rMS) cells by interacting with the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (igf1r) and the insulin receptor (inSr). loss of imprinting (loi) by Dna hypermethylation at the differentially methylated region (DMr) for the igf2-H19 locus is commonly observed in rMS cells and results in an increase in the expression of proliferation-promoting igf2 and downregulation of proliferation-inhibiting non-coding H19 mirnas. one of these mirnas, mir-675, has been reported in murine cells to be a negative regulator of igf1r expression. to better address the role of igf2 and 1, as well as inS signaling in the pathogenesis of rMS and the involvement of loi at the igf2-H19 locus, we employed the Dna demethylating agent 5-azacytidine (azac). We observed that azac-mediated demethylation of the DMr at the igf2-H19 locus resulted in downregulation of igf2 and an increase in the expression of H19. this epigenetic change resulted in a decrease in rMS proliferation due to downregulation of igf2 and, igf1r expression in an mir-675-dependent manner. interestingly, we observed that mir-675 not only inhibited the expression of igf1r in a similar manner in human and murine cells, but we also observed its negative effect on the expression of the INSR. These results confirm the crucial role of loi at the igf2-H19 DMr in the pathogenesis of rMS and are relevant to the development of new treatment strategies.
Despite studies having shown an association between genetic polymorphisms and response to therapy in RA patients, the majority of these findings are still inconclusive and inconsistent. We are still far from applying pharmacogenetic tests in routine clinical practice that can predict the outcome of treatment. Several factors, such as small sample size with low statistical power, variability in the outcome definitions and the heterogeneity of the cohorts, limited number of tested single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), small effect for the selected variant, and a lack of consideration of epigenetic factors, may contribute to the inconsistency observed and may lead to limited success in personalizing therapy.
Background. While cancer/testis antigens (CTAs) are restricted in postnatal tissues to testes and germ line-derived cells, their role in cancer development and the clinical significance of their expression still remain to be better defined. Objective. The aim of this study was to investigate the level of CTA expression in colon samples from patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) in relation to patient clinical status. Methods. Forty-five patients with newly diagnosed colorectal cancer were included in the study. We selected a panel of 18 CTAs that were previously detected in CRC as well as some new gene candidates, and their expression was detected at the mRNA level by employing RQ-PCR. Additionally, we evaluated CTA expression in three colon cancer cell lines (CL-188, HTB-39, and HTB-37) after exposure to the DNA methylation-modifying drug 5-azacytidine. Results. We report that 6 out of 18 (33%) CTAs tested (MAGEA3, OIP5, TTK, PLU1, DKKL1, and FBXO39) were significantly (p < 0.05) overexpressed in tumor tissue compared with healthy colon samples isolated from the same patients. Conclusions. Moreover, we found that MAGEA3, PLU-1, and DKKL expression positively correlated with disease progression, evaluated according to the Dukes staging system. Finally, 5-azacytidine exposure significantly upregulated expression of CTAs on CRC cells, which indicates that this demethylation agent could be employed therapeutically to enhance the immune response against tumor cells.
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a metabolic disorder that occurs during pregnancy. HHEX and PROX1 are genetic loci associated with diabetes mellitus type 2. HHEX and PROX1 play significant roles in carbohydrate intolerance and diabetes because these transcription factors may be involved in the regulation of insulin secretion and in glucose and lipid metabolism. The aim of this study was to examine the association between HHEX (rs5015480) and PROX1 (rs340874) gene polymorphisms and GDM. This study included 204 pregnant women with GDM and 207 pregnant women with the normal glucose tolerance (NGT). The diagnosis of GDM was based on a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test at 24-28 weeks' gestation. There was a statistically significant prevalence of the HHEX rs5015480 CC genotype and C allele among women with GDM (C vs T allele, p = 0.021, odds ratio OR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.05-1.87). Statistically significant higher increase of body mass and BMI during pregnancy was found in women with the HHEX rs5015480 CC genotype. The results of our study suggest an association between the HHEX gene rs5015480 polymorphism and risk of GDM. The HHEX gene rs5015480 C allele may be a risk allele of GDM that is associated with increased BMI during pregnancy.
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