No abstract

A discussion of the current weaknesses in this research area follows. Specific recommendations for future research are made including greater clarity in treatment protocol and sample descriptions, reporting cure rates rather than success rates, utilization of adherence checks, and investigation of potential differential outcomes for subgroups of children with constipation and incontinence.

Dietary DHA supplementation of 200 mg/day for 6 months does not improve the core symptoms of autism. Our results may have been limited by inadequate sample size.

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We recommend a "biobehavioral" perspective in the assessment and treatment of bed-wetting and suggest that combining the urine alarm with desmopressin offers the most promise and could well push the already high success rates of conditioning approaches closer to 100%. Much important work is yet to be completed that elucidates the mechanism of action for the success of the urine alarm and in educating society about its effectiveness so that its availability is improved.