No abstract
Moraxella osloensis (M. osloensis) is a rare cause of bacteremia and pneumonia in pediatric patients. The published case reports of M. osloensis bacteremia are limited. Among children, there are only seven cases of invasive disease from M. osloensis identified, and specific treatment guidelines are not available. Our case adds to the limited literature on this rare bacterium and highlights the need to better define antimicrobial resistance patterns. Here we report a case of a 17-yearold previously healthy female admitted with M. osloensis bacteremia and pneumonia. The patient initially presented with clinical and radiographic findings consistent with community-acquired pneumonia and was sent home after an emergency department (ED) visit with oral antibiotic treatment. She was advised to return for admission after the blood culture obtained in the ED reported growth and was noted to have persistent symptoms despite antibiotic adherence. Treatment with ceftriaxone for 3 days intravenously followed by 7 days of oral cefdinir resulted in rapid clinical improvement and resolution of her infection. Due to its sparse prevalence in the literature, there is currently no standard antibiotic regimen for treatment of invasive infections with M. osloensis; a variety of therapies ranging from 7 to 14 days in duration have been successfully employed. While Moraxella species (e.g., Moraxella catarrhalis (M. catarrhalis)) are typically β-lactamase producing, reports regarding β-lactamase production by M. osloensis have been inconsistent. M. osloensis is a rare cause of invasive infection in adolescents. Given limited published data regarding antibiotic sensitivities of this specific organism, microbiologic sensitivities should be obtained if possible and response to therapy should be closely monitored.
Suicide is the second leading cause of death in the adolescent population, presenting a public health crisis. The goal of this study was to evaluate adolescent intentional ingestions in a community hospital and to identify variables associated with the risk of admission to inpatient medical and psychiatric settings.METHODS: This study was a retrospective chart review from a hospital system in the Pacific Northwest over 2 years for patients aged 9 to 18 years. Variables examined include age, sex, type of ingestion, emergency department length of stay (LOS), admission to the inpatient setting, LOS of inpatient admission, admission to psychiatry, presence of a therapist, and insurance type.RESULTS: During the study period, 233 individual intentional ingestions occurred. The most commonly ingested substances were psychiatric medications (30.9%), prescription medications (28.3%), and ibuprofen (24.0%). One-third of patients (33.9%) required admission to a medical hospital, whereas one-quarter (24.9%) required admission to a psychiatric hospital. The following variables were associated with risk of admission to a medical hospital: female sex, shorter emergency department LOS, and ingestion of psychiatric medications, prescription medication, and/or salicylates. Risk of admission to a psychiatric hospital was associated with an inpatient medical admission, an increased duration of medical admission, and an ingestion of a psychiatric medication. CONCLUSIONS:In this study, we describe important epidemiology on adolescent intentional ingestions in a community setting, providing variables associated with a risk of admission to medical and psychiatric hospitals.
ObjectivesPrevious literature on the effects of marijuana exposure on neonatal outcomes has been limited by the reliance on maternal self-report. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship of prenatal marijuana exposure on neonatal outcomes in infants with marijuana exposure confirmed with meconium drug testing.DesignRetrospective cohort study.Setting and participantsMeconium drug screens obtained on infants born in a hospital system in the Pacific Northwest in the USA over a 2.5-year period. 1804 meconium drug screens were initially obtained, with 1540 drug screens included in the analysis.Primary and secondary outcome measuresNeonates with meconium drug screens positive for delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) only were compared with neonates with negative drug screens. The following neonatal outcomes were examined: gestational age, preterm birth (<37 weeks), birth weight, low birth weight (defined as birth weight <2.5 kg), length, head circumference, Apgar scores and admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Using multivariable logistical and linear regression, we controlled for confounding variables.Results1540 meconium drug screens were included in the analysis, with 483 positive for delta-9-THC only. Neonates exposed to delta-9-THC had significantly lower birth weight, head circumference and length (p<0.001). Neonates with THC exposure had 1.9 times the odds (95% CI 1.3 to 2.7, p=0.001) of being defined as low birth weight. Birth weight was on average 0.16 kg lower (95% CI 0.10 to 0.22, p<0.001) in those exposed to THC.ConclusionsPrenatal marijuana exposure was significantly associated with decreases in birth weight, length and head circumference, and an increased risk of being defined as low birth weight. These findings add to the previous literature demonstrating possible negative effects of prenatal marijuana use on neonatal outcomes.
No abstract
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.