No abstract

The major findings of this meta-analytic review concerning intrinsic and extrinsic religiousness are these: (a) Samples consisting of respondents with conservative theological orientations seem more likely to display a negative correlation between intrinsic and extrinsic religiousness than do others, (b) Extrinsic religiousness tends to be positively correlated with negatively evaluated characteristics, and uncorrelated with measures of religious belief and commitment, (c) Intrinsic religiousness tends to be uncorrelated with negatively evaluated characteristics, and positively correlated with measures of religiousness, (d) A fourfold typology based on median splits of the two scales is of little use when the dependent variable is religious in nature, but with various nonreligious variables produces results that may correspond to findings of curvilinearity observed with other measures of religiousness. Recommendations concerning the use of the intrinsic and extrinsic scales in future research are made. The article concludes with a review of recent conceptual developments by Batson (1976) andHood (1978).No approach to religiousness has had greater impact on the empirical psychology of religion than Gordon W. Allport's concepts of intrinsic ( 7) and extrinsic (E) religiousness (Meadow & Kahoe, 1984).' Nearly 70 published studies have used Allport's Religious Orientation Scale (ROS), making it one of the most frequently used measures of religiousness.Research concerning / and E has been reviewed in three current psychology-of-religion textbooks (Batson & Ventis, 1982;Meadow & Kahoe, 1984;Paloutzian, 1983). Although these reviews are useful, they have not closely examined a number of relevant issues, such as the I-E correlation and the I-E interaction. In addition to addressing these issues, in the present review I seek to apply the techniques of meta-analysis (Glass, This article is a revision and expansion of a review that originally appeared in the author's doctoral dissertation, submitted at Purdue University. It was also presented at the meeting of the American Psychological Association,

We present calculations of head to head domain wall structuresin magnetic strips ofNisoFezo with widths, w , ranging from 75 nm to 500 nm and thicknesses, t , from 1 nm to 64 nm. Neglecting magnetocrystalline and magnetostrictive anisotropy energies, minimization of exchange and magnetostatic energy leads to one of two types of domain wall structures: 'transverse' walls with magnetization at the center of the wall directed transverse to the strip axis and 'vortex' walls where the magnetization forms a vortex at the center of the wall. Calculation of the domain wall energies leads to a proposed phase diagram for head to head domain walls where transverse walls have lower energy when dimensions are less than tcritwcrit z 1 3 0 A / p o M ; .

A literature review of the relation between religiousness and adolescent well‐being is presented, along with new analyses from a large adolescent data base. It is found that the average level of religiousness of U.S. adolescents has not declined recently, although it does appear to decrease on average across the years of adolescence. African Americans are more religious than whites, and girls are more religious than boys. Religiousness is positively associated with prosocial values and behavior, and negatively related to suicide ideation and attempts, substance abuse, premature sexual involvement, and delinquency. It is unrelated to self‐esteem. These results are found to be robust after controlling for sociodemographic characteristics. The article concludes with policy suggestions for integrating religion's prosocial influences into larger societal programs.

We demonstrate that magnetic reversal in perpendicularly magnetized nanostructures is highly dependent on the nature and condition of the edges. To understand the impact of edge damage, we compare nanostructures created by ion milling to those prepared on prepatterned substrates. The size-and temperature-dependent reversal properties of 25 nm-1 m diameter nanodots show that reversal in prepatterned nanostructures is controlled by nucleation within the interior, whereas ion milling results in an edge nucleation process with an unpredicted temperature dependence of the reversal field.