IntroductionManufacturing strategy (MS) has received a great deal of theoretical and anecdotal treatment for well over 20 years. At the time the reviews of MS literature were written by Anderson et al. [1] and Adam and Swamidass[2], empirical research was in its infancy. Although the quantity of empirical work has grown tremendously in the years since, researchers have still only begun to substantiate or refute theories developed over the past three decades. This article examines the work in each of the major areas of MS by comparing and contrasting empirical studies to the propositions set forth by earlier writers. For each area, the adequacy of existing research and problems inherent to the types of research accomplished to date is discussed. Finally, conclusions are drawn about the present state of manufacturing strategy research and recommendations are made for future research directions.
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