In order to improve the convergence time and stabilization accuracy of the real-time state estimation of the power batteries for electric vehicles, a fuzzy unscented Kalman filtering algorithm (F-UKF) of a new type is proposed in this paper, with an improved second-order resistor-capacitor (RC) equivalent circuit model established and an online parameter identification used by Bayes. Ohmic resistance is treated as a battery state of health (SOH) characteristic parameter, F-UKF algorithms are used for the joint estimation of battery state of charge (SOC) and SOH. The experimental data obtained from the ITS5300-based battery test platform are adopted for the simulation verification under discharge conditions with constant-current pulses and urban dynamometer driving schedule (UDDS) conditions in the MATLAB environment. The experimental results show that the F-UKF algorithm is insensitive to the initial value of the SOC under discharge conditions with constant-current pulses, and the SOC and SOH estimation accuracy under UDDS conditions reaches 1.76% and 1.61%, respectively, with the corresponding convergence time of 120 and 140 s, which proves the superiority of the joint estimation algorithm.

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Background: The increase in atmospheric CO 2 is causing a number of changes in plant growth such as increases in leaf area and number, branching, plant size and biomass, and growth rate. Despite the importance of stomatal responses to CO 2 , little is known about the genetic and molecular mechanisms that mediate stomatal development and movement in response to CO 2 levels. Deciphering the mechanisms that sense changes in CO 2 and/or HCO 3 − concentration is critical for unraveling the role of CO 2 in stomatal development movement. In Arabidopsis, CO 2-induced stomatal closure is strongly Ca 2+-dependent. To further dissect this signaling pathway and identify new components in the CO 2 response pathway, we recorded [Ca 2+ ] cyt changes in mutagenized Arabidopsis leaves and screened for mutants with abnormal guard cell behavior in response to CO 2 /HCO 3 −. Results: We observed that 1 mM HCO 3 − induces [Ca 2+ ] cys transient changes in guard cells and stomatal closure both in light and darkness. The changes in [Ca 2+ ] cys induced by HCO 3 − could be detected by an aequorin-based calcium imaging system. Using this system, we identified a number of Arabidopsis mutants defective in both [Ca 2+ ] cyt changes and the stomatal response to CO 2 /HCO 3 −. Conclusions: We provide a sensitive method for isolating stomatal CO 2 /HCO 3 − response genes that function early in stomatal closure and that have a role in regulating [Ca 2+ ] cyt. This method will be helpful in elucidating the Ca 2+-dependent regulation of guard cell behavior in response to CO 2 /HCO 3 − .

IMS Learning Design (LD) has emerged as one of the most significant developments in education technology recently. As focusing on learning processes and activities in E-learning, LD can not only help us to understand the application of ICT into traditional school education better, but also become a effective way to involve the way of ICT in education. This paper introduced IMS learning design first, and then analyzed the feasibility of integration. At last, a case was analyzed to explore the impact of LD on the way of ICT in education.

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Background: This study sought to identify the downstream target genes of enolase 1 (ENO1), clarify the role of ENO1 in gastric cancer (GC), and provide novel insights into the regulatory mechanisms of ENO1 in the occurrence and development of GC.Methods: We performed RNA-immunoprecipitation sequencing in MKN-45 cells to study the types and abundance of pre-messenger RNA (mRNA)/mRNA bound by ENO1, the binding sites and motifs, the relationship between ENO1 binding and its regulation of transcription level, and alternative splicing level by combining with RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) data to further clarify the role of ENO1 in GC.Results: We found that ENO1 stabilized the expression of SRY-box transcription factor 9 (SOX9), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), G protein-coupled receptor class C group 5 member A (GPRC5A), and myeloid cell leukemia-1 (MCL1) by binding to their mRNA, which increased the growth of GC. In addition, ENO1 interacted with some other long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) or small-molecule kinases, such as NEAT1, LINC00511, CD44, and pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2), to regulate their expression to affect cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis.Conclusions: ENO1 may play a role in GC by binding to and regulating GC-related genes. Our findings extend understandings of its mechanism as a clinical therapeutic target.

Teacher professional development (TPD) under ecological approach emphasized "teacher culture", "community", "collaboration" and "context". This paper tried to construct an educational ecosystem -teacher virtual community of practice (CoP) to promote teachers' professional development by ecological foundational principles. The concept and ecological character of teacher virtual CoP were expatiated firstly. At the same time, a case about teacher virtual CoP was analyzed to discuss the constructing process of CoP, at last, we concluded that teacher virtual CoP can be a new approach for TPD under ecology approach.

Learning Design has emerged as one of the most significant recent developments in e-learning. However, Few instructional designers and teachers have experience in designing learning materials with IMS Learning Design. This article aims to review and evaluate currently available Learning Design software, and make an explicit contrast among them to provide a guideline for teachers and developers to use IMS learning design well.