A novel multi-component reaction for the synthesis of polyfunctionalized indoles and bis-indoles has been established. The reaction pathways were controlled by varying enamines with different substitution patterns to give polyfunctionalized indoles and bis-indoles selectively. The reaction proceeds at a fast speed within 15–30 min with water as the major byproduct, which makes work-up convenient.
A green and highly efficient method for the synthesis of polyfunctionalized indoline-spiro fused pyran derivatives has been established. This reaction was conducted by reacting readily available and inexpensive starting materials, such as isatins, cyclic-1,3-dicarbonyl compounds, and malononitrile in aqueous media without any catalysts under microwave irradiation. The present green synthesis shows fascinating properties such as the use of water as the reaction solution, concise one-pot conditions, short reaction periods (8-14 min), and easy purifications. The synthesis could also set a good example to GAP (Group-Assistant-Purification) chemistry in which purification via chromatography can be avoided and the pure products can be easily acquired only by washing the crude products with 95% EtOH.
Brønsted acid-promoted divergent approaches for the synthesis of multi-functionalized fused pyrroles with different substituted patterns (44 examples) have been established. The divergent pathways were controlled by varying the charging sequence to give a series of new fused pyrroles selectively.
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