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Background Globally, Millions of people cannot use health services because of the fear of payment for the service at the time of service delivery. From the agenda of transformation and the current situation of urbanization as well as to ensure universal health coverage implementing this program to the urban resident is mandatory. The aim of this study is to assess the willingness of community-based health insurance (CBHI) uptake and associated factors among urban residents of Oromia regional state, Oromia, Ethiopia, 2018. Methods A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted. From the total of eighteen towns; six towns which account for 33% of the total were selected randomly for the study. One population proportion formula was employed to get a total of 845 households. A pre-tested, semi-structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect the required data. Double-Bounded Dichotomous Choice Variant of the contingent valuation method was used to assess the maximum willingness to pay for the scheme, and a multiple logistic regression model was used to determine the effect of various factors on the willingness to join and willingness to pay for the households. Result About 839 (99.3%) of the respondents participated. The mean ages of the respondents were 40.44(SD ± 11.12) years. 621 (74.1%) ever heard about CBHI with 473 (56.3%) knowing the benefits package. Out of 839, 724 (86.3%) were willing to uptake CBHI of which 704 (83.9%) were willing to pay if CBHI established in their town. Conclusion If CBHI established about 86.3% of the households would enroll in the scheme. Having education, with a family size between 3 & 6, having difficulty in paying for health care and less than 20mins it took to reach the nearest health facility were the independent predictors of the willingness of CBHI uptake. The Oromia and Towns Health Bureau should consider the availability of health facilities near to the community and establishing CBHI in the urban towns.

Background Antenatal care (ANC) is the care given to pregnant women to prevent poor feto-maternal outcomes during pregnancy. The World Health Organization recommends first ANC visit be started as early as possible within in 12 weeks of gestation. Although there is improvement in overall ANC coverage, a sizable proportion of pregnant women in Ethiopia delay the time to initiate their first ANC visit. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate factors associated with late ANC initiation among pregnant women attending public health centers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 407 randomly selected pregnant women who attended ANC at selected public health centers in Addis Ababa from December 2020 to January 2021. Data were collected using pretested and structured questionnaires through a face-to-face interview and reviewing medical records. Binary and multivariable logistic regressions were fitted sequentially to identify predictors for late ANC initiation. Adjusted odds ratios with 95% CI were computed to measure the strength of associations and statistical significance was declared at a p-value < 0.05. Result This study showed that 47% of pregnant women started their first ANC visit late.The age of 30 years and above, being married, unplanned pregnancy, having a wrong perception about the timing of the first ANC visit, and not having ANC for previous pregnancy was significantly associated with late ANC initiation. Conclusion Nearly half of the women initiated their first ANC visit late. Tailored interventions aimed at promoting early ANC initiation should target married women, women with an unplanned pregnancy, women who perceived the wrong timing of their first ANC, and those who have no ANC for their previous pregnancy.

Only good and fair embryos based on SART criteria were considered suitable for biopsy. A total of 1,996 embryos were biopsied.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Trophectoderm biopsy was performed on day 5 or 6. All embryos were then vitrified, and ploidy assessed by a third party testing laboratory using array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH). A total of 28 embryos resulted as no read (1.4%) and were not included in this analysis. Statistical comparisons were made by Chi-Square analysis.RESULTS: The average age of autologous patients was 36.8. An average of four embryos were biopsied per cycle. Overall among autologous patients, 999 embryos were found to be euploid (54%), and 847 aneuploid (46%). When isolating embryos that were biopsied on D5, 524 (59%) were euploid and 371 (41%) aneuploid. In contrast, D6 embryos yielded significantly fewer euploid results, with 475 (50%) euploid embryos and 476 (50%) aneuploid (p<0.001). This trend held true across all age groups, although did not reach significance in all comparisons. D5 embryos from donor oocyte recipients had a euploid rate of 82%, compared with D6 embryos at 70% (p>0.05). D5 embryos from patients under 35 were 73% euploid, while D6 embryos were 66% (p>0.05). For patients aged 35-37, D5 embryos were 63% euploid, with their D6 counterparts 58% (p>0.05). D5 embryos from patients aged 38-40 were 52% euploid, and D6 were 39% (p<0.05). Patients over 40 showed a D5 euploid rate of 28%, and D6 embryos 23% (p>0.05).CONCLUSIONS: Overall, embryos that were biopsied on D5 are significantly more likely to yield euploid results than their D6 counterparts. Further studies will be necessary to determine if this trend among age groups holds true, and to examine the effect of ploidy and day of biopsy on subsequent implantation success for frozen embryo transfers. Such data could help guide clinical decisions regarding patient recruitment for PGS as well as embryo selection for frozen embryo transfer in non-PGS cases.