Objectives: The goals of this study were to analyze the capability of brine shrimp test (BST) as a potent teratogenicity screening system on teratogenic agents (methotrexate, captopril, diclofenac, phenytoin, warfarin, and valproic acid).Methods: Artemia cysts were hatched into 1 st stage nauplii, then taken and put into seawater medium which contain test substance and kept alive until 2 nd stage, 3 rd stage, and 4 th stage, and number of deaths, morphological abnormalities, body length, and retarded of development were observed for each stage.Results: Hatch ability of cysts in methotrexate 0.015 mg/ml, captopril 0.25 mg/ml, diclofenac 0.075 mg/ml, phenytoin 1.56 mg/ml, and valproic acid 2.5 mg/ml were significantly different compared to control (p<0.05). Nauplii survival in methotrexate 0.015 mg/ml, captopril 0.25 mg/ml, diclofenac 0.075 mg/ml, phenytoin 1.56 mg/ml, and valproic acid 2.5 mg/ml were significantly different to control (p<0.05). The morphological abnormalities was found in methotrexate 0.015 mg/ml, captopril 0.25 mg/ml. Nauplii with retarded development were expressed in methotrexate 0.015 mg/ml, captopril 0.25 mg/ml, diclofenac 0.075 mg/ml, phenytoin 1.56 mg/ml, and valproic acid 2.5 mg/ml. Significant difference in body length was presented in captopril 0.25 mg/ml, and phenytoin 1.56 mg/ml compared to control (p<0.05). Conclusion:BST can be used as an alternative method of the teratogenic screening test, although not as sensitive teratogenic tests on mammals. This screening method was not suitable for a compound which its chemical characteristic can change the tonicity of the medium.
Objectives: The aims of this research were to analyze teratogenic properties on some selected plants which often used for woman’s health were pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) pericarp, coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) seeds, liman (Elephantopus scaber L.) leaves, fennel (Foeniculum vulgare M.) seeds, and kaempferia (Kaempferia galanga L.) rhizomes using brine shrimp teratogenic screening test (BSTST) method.Methods: Artemia cysts were hatched into first stage nauplii then taken and put into seawater medium which contain test substance and kept alive until the second stage, third stage, and fourth stage and then observed number of deaths, morphological abnormalities, body length, and retarded of development for each stage.Results: Hatchability of cysts in fennel seeds compared extracts 1 and 0.5 mg/ml, coriander seeds extract 1 mg/ml, pomegranate rinds extract 6 mg/ml, and liman leaves extracts 6, 3, and 1.5 mg/ml were significantly different to control (p<0.05). Survival nauplii in fennel seeds extracts 1 and 0.5 mg/ml and liman leaves extracts 6 and 3 mg/ml were significantly different to control (p<0.05). The morphological abnormalities were exposed on coriander seeds extract 1 mg/ml, liman leaves extract 6 mg/ml, and pomegranate rinds extract 3 mg/ml. Nauplii with retarded development were presented on fennel seeds extracts 1 and 0.5 mg/ml, coriander seeds extracts 1 and 0.25 mg/ml, pomegranate rinds extracts 6, 3, and 1.5 mg/ml, and liman leaves extracts 3 and 1.5 mg/ml. Nauplii body length on plants extract showed no significantly difference compared to control.Conclusion: Based on BSTST, fennel seed and pomegranate rind extracts had no teratogenic effect, kaempferia rhizomes act as larvicide its analog in mamalia as embryo lethal, while coriander seeds and liman leaves extracts potentially had teratogenic properties.
The benefits of breast milk are so great, but not many mothers are willing to give exclusive breastfeeding. Problems that often occur in breastfeeding mothers are improper breastfeeding techniques resulting in nipple wound. One of the non-pharmacological efforts to deal with wound nipples is aloe vera. Aloe vera is a plant that has been studied to accelerate wound healing. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the administration of aloe vera gel extract on the healing time of nipple wound in breastfeeding mothers. The research design used was quasi-experimental with a post-test only non equivalent control group study design. The sampling technique used was accidental sampling with a sample of 50 postpartum mothers divided into a control group and an experimental group. Analysis of statistical tests used by Chi Square. The results of the study were 23 people in the control group included in the normal category, while in the experimental group 22 people were included in the fast healing category.. The results of statistical tests obtained a value of p value of 0,000. The conclusion is the effect of aloe vera gel on the healing time of blisters nipples.
Stagnansi dari peningkatan pelayanan KB diatas disebabkan belum optimalnya konseling sebagai sarana komunikasi informasi dan edukasi (KIE) pelayanan keluarga berencana. Ada 2 strategi konseling yaitu konseling dengan ABPK (Alat Bantu Pengambilan Keputusan) dan SKB-KB (Strategi konseling berimbang Keluarga Berencana). Dilihat sekilas dari angka cakupan tahun 2018 – 2019 bahwa SKB-KB lebih besar persentasenya dibandingkan konseling ABPK.. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan konseling KB menggunakan alat bantu pengambilan keputusan (ABPK) dan strategi konseling berimbang keluarga berencana (SKB-KB) terhadap cakupan akseptor KB di UPTD Puskesmas Patimuan Kabupaten Cilacap. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan pendekatan komparatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Gambaran cakupan akseptor KB di UPTD Puskesmas Patimuan Kabupaten Cilacap yang menggunakan konseling ABPK dengan nilai rata-rata sebesar 47.83, nilai median sebesar 44 dan modus sebesar 44 dan gambaran cakupan akseptor KB di UPTD Puskesmas Patimuan Kabupaten Cilacap yang menggunakan konseling SKB-KB dengan nilai rata-rata sebesar 59.58, nilai median sebesar 62.5 dan modus sebesar 40. dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan antara ABPK dan SKB-KB terhadap cakupan akseptor KB di UPTD Puskesmas Patimuan Kabupaten Cilacap.
Objective: The objective of the study was to observe the effect of liman leaves extract on fetal rat development and provide safety information for its use during pregnancy. Methods: Estrus cycles of female Wistar rats were observed and mated to male rats, 0 day of pregnancy determined after finding a vaginal plug or in a vaginal smear, there was sperm. Sample was administered orally using sonde with a single administration on the 11th day of pregnancy, at doses of 3750 mg/kg bw, 1185 mg/kg bw, and 375 mg/kg bw. On the 19th day of pregnancy, the rats were sacrificed and then observed the number of implantation, corpus luteum, intrauterine death, and fetal abnormalities. Results: The dose of 375 mg/kg bw exposed the highest average implantation rate (13.20%) and the largest number of corpus luteum (13.90%). The highest total intrauterine death was presented by dose of 3750 mg/kg bw and significantly different (p<0.05) compared to the control group. The dose of 375 mg/kg bw expressed the highest percentage of embryos with resorption (19.03%), while the lowest average fetal body was shown by 3750 mg/kg bw compared to the other groups. The highest percentage of external abnormalities was given by the dose of 375 mg/kg bw (12.91%), which abnormalities found were dwarf, cleft palate, hydrocephalus, short sleeve, and hematoma. Conclusion: Liman leaves extract was mild teratogenic on Wistar rat fetus.
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