Introduction: The aims of this study were to establish the prevalence of enuresis, to determine accompanying factors, and to identify common methods in the management of enuresis in Turkish children aged between 6 and 11 years living in eastern Anatolia. Methods: The parents of 3,527 schoolchildren aged between 6 and 11 years completed a self-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire asked about sociodemographic data, enuresis data, physical or psychological disorders, and family stressors. Descriptive statistics and χ² test were used for data analysis. Results: The response rate was 88%. The overall prevalence of reported enuresis was 12.96%, and the prevalence of marked enuresis (at least weekly) was 9.8%. Enuresis was notably more common in boys (male:female ratio 1.6), and the prevalence rates decreased by age without gender bias. Of all enuretic children, 21% had also daytime bed-wetting. The rate of a positive family history was 42% for siblings only and 66% for the other family members. Significantly more of the dry children woke up spontaneously at night to void as compared with the enuretic children (p < 0.001). The parental concern level was not high, and only 15% of the children visited a physician for the management of enuresis. Low socioeconomic status, unfavorable perinatal or postnatal history, and unsatisfactory familial characteristics were significantly more frequent in the enuretic group (p < 0.05). The enuretic children had also higher rates of poor school performance and poor social adaptation as compared with nonenuretic children (p < 0.001). Conclusions: These results suggest that the prevalence of enuresis in eastern Anatolia is similar to that reported from western Anatolia and from most other countries. Turkish families did not report a high-level concern about enuresis, and the problem was managed primarily within the family.

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In contrast with the outcome of RSV infection in adult oncology patients, the mortality associated with RSV infection in pediatric oncology patients even in post bone marrow transplantation (BMT) period, is low when diagnosed and treated early enough. Oral ribavirin might be an option together with IVIG in the treatment of RSV especially when other forms of antivirals could not be obtained. This approach will make it possible to give the scheduled anti-neoplastic therapy on time.

The study revealed that peripapillary RNFL is thinner in tha-major in all quadrants and in only the inferior quadrant in IDA. Thinning of the RNLF correlated with hemoglobin value and ferritin level, but not with number of transfusions and visual acuity.

The aim of the present study was to present the hematologic findings of 622 cases diagnosed with acute brucellosis. Medical records of children with brucellosis, admitted to Yuzuncu Yil University Hospital over a 6-year period, were analyzed retrospectively. Three hundred ninety-seven (63.8%) patients were male and 225 (36.2%) were female. The mean age was 11 years (range, 1 to 16 y). The mean hematologic values were as follows: hemoglobin 9.4 (3.4 to 17) g/dL, hematocrite 28% (12% to 50%), leukopenia 2.8 (1.1 to 33)×10/L, leukocytosis 13.7 (1.1 to 33)×10/L, and platelets 79 (3 to 972)×10/L. An overall 28.6% of patients were found to have anemia, alone or in combination with leukopenia or thrombocytopenia. Sixteen percent of patients had thrombocytopenia, 13.9% had leukopenia, 7.7% had pancytopenia, and 4% had both leukopenia and thrombocytopenia. Hematologic complications such as anemia, thrombocytopenia, and leukopenia are more frequently seen in acute brucellosis cases. However, acute brucellosis should also be considered in the differential diagnosis in the presence of other hematologic abnormalities such as severe thrombocytopenia, bicytopenia, and pancytopenia.