Objective The aim of this study was to assess the magnitude of HBV and HCV infection and its associated factors among surgical patients at Hawassa University comprehensive specialized Hospital Hawassa City, southern Ethiopia. Result In this study, the prevalence of HBsAg and Anti-HCV among patients scheduled for surgery were 9% and 5.5%, respectively. Patients who practiced multiple sexual partner (AOR = 2.58, CI 1.18–5.61), dental procedure (AOR = 4.20, CI 1.87–9.55) and blood transfusion (AOR = 3.84, CI 1.27–11.65) had higher odds of HBV infection and those who had history of surgical procedure (AOR = 6.05: 95% CI 1.59–23.04) and dental procedure (AOR = 3.70: 95% CI 1.40–9.77) had higher odds of HCV infection. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13104-019-4456-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Background Salmonella is one of the foodborne pathogens affecting public health around the globe. A cross-sectional bacteriological study was conducted from December 2019 to November 2020. This study aimed to isolate, molecularly detect and determine antibiotic susceptibility patterns of Salmonella from raw cows’ milk collected from dairy farms and households in Hawassa, Arsi Negele, and Dale districts. Materials and methods A total of 384 raw milk samples were collected using a simple random sampling technique. Standard bacteriological and biochemical tests were used to isolate Salmonella. The positive samples were further confirmed by the molecular test. Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method was used for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Salmonella. Results Using bacteriological and biochemical detection tests, Salmonella was isolated from 10.42% (N = 40) of the total sample. However, in molecular detection, only 32 of the 40 isolates were confirmed to be Salmonella using PCR test. The prevalence was 8.54, 12.69, and 10.46% in Hawassa, Dale, and Arsi Negele districts, respectively. Bacteriological prevalence did not vary significantly between the districts (P > 0.05). Likewise, no significant (P > 0.05) variation was observed in the Salmonella isolation rate between households (12.5%) and farms (8.33%) as well as between dry (8.85%) and wet (11.98%) seasons. Based on herd size, the isolation rate of Salmonella was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in large-scale farms (19.51%) than in small (5.1%) or medium (5.6%) scale dairy farms. The result of the antibiotic susceptibility test showed that Salmonella isolates were 100% resistant to ampicillin, while they were 100% sensitive to ciprofloxacin. Multi-drug resistance (MDR) was demonstrated in all isolates. Conclusion This study showed that Salmonella is widespread in the raw milk samples and developing MDR, which may be of public health concern in the study area. It is therefore important that dairy farmers and raw milk sellers in the study area take serious measures to avoid contamination of the milk with Salmonella spp. In addition, the active commitment of the animal health departments in the respective districts to sensitizing dairy farmers and the sensible use of antibiotics at the farm level can help to reduce the antibiotic resistance of Salmonella spp.

The study was conducted to morphometrically and morphologically characterized Malle cattle using some predefined qualitative and quantitative parameters and to develop some structural indices to access their type and function. Data were collected through field observations and linear measurements of sample cattle. A total of 360 cattle of different ages of were selected randomly from different locations and morphometrical measurements were carried out on it. Qualitative traits were evaluated using non parametric tests. Quantitative traits were analysed using descriptive statistics. The observed coat color patterns of cattle were predominantly plain. Red and white colored animals predominated across both the sexes. The result of morphometrical measurements indicated that Bulls with young age group (4 year age) exert strong significant effect (p<0.01) on Heart Girth (HG), Height at Rump (HR), Height at Withers (HW), Neck Circumference (NC), Muzzle Circumference (MC) and Chest Depth (CD) while in cows with age group 4 significant effect (p<0.01) on heart girth (HG) and muzzle circumference (MC) whereas (p<0.05) Height at Withers (HW) were observed. Similarly, in age group 5 significance effect (p<0.01) on Heart Girth (HG), Neck Circumference (NC) and Chest Width (CW) whereas (p<0.05) Height at Rump (HR) and Height at Wither (HW) were also observed. The weight of the bulls and cows were best assessed using skeletal measurements viz. body length, height at withers and rump, besides chest depth and width. The findings from the structural indices also indicated that the cattle were well balanced and body length and height were more or less proportional. It was conclude that, along with other managerial improvement, the productive aptitude of the cattle through morphometry can provides relevant information to guide and enhance their productive performance.

Analyzing eggs quality is so important for both consumers and for coming new chicks. Total of 300 eggs (100 eggs from each native, Sasso and Bovans brown) chicken were collected during winter of 2017 to evaluate some egg quality parameters of chickens reared at Yirgalem and Hawassa towns of Southern Ethiopia. The eggs were purchased from the householders and each egg was carefully broken on a glass sheet, and was analyzed for different quality traits. The results of the study indicated that the weight of the eggs highly varied between the genotypes and also within genotypes (between locations) the eggs of the native chickens weighed (45.20±5.53 and 39.30±4.04 g), while eggs of Sasso chickens weighed (56.40±7.07 and 56.00±7.2 g), whereas those of Bovans brown weighed (57.80±7.22 and 60.70±5.98 g) at Hawassa and Yirgalem towns, respectively. The results pertaining to the Haugh unit of the eggs (from Hawassa and Yirgalem) and of the native chickens was (74.91±15.78 and 82.55±3.82), while for Sasso chickens (86.50±11.07 and 87.04±11.10) and Bovans brown were (94.60±7.74 and 86.29±5.85), respectively. The Haugh unit of the egg from the native chickens was lower than exotic chicken; this was observed irrespective of the locations. It was concluded that egg quality of exotic chickens in the study areas performed fairly well, but it needs further comparative study under farmers' level and intensive farm.

No abstract