The emergence of women is seen as occurring very early when we examine the growth of neuroscience and related sciences globally. From the ancient Roman graves to the present, there are numerous examples of contributions made by women in the area of medicine. Female neuroscientists have faced several challenges, particularly gender inequality, like in every other scientific discipline. All these difficulties have been encountered by numerous female neuroscientists, many of whom have found great success. Some of the female neuroscientists who opened the door for us are Sofia Ionescu, Diana Beck, Aysima Altınok, Alexa Canady, M. Deborah Hyde, Augusta Dejerine Klumpke, Julia Barlow Platt, Laura Forster, Manuela Serra, and Mara Soledad Ruiz-Capillas. For future generations, hearing the tales of the superwomen who propelled women to this position in neuroscience will serve as motivation and inspiration.

Introduction: The craniovertebral junction comprises the occipital bone, atlas, axis and supporting ligaments. Surgical interventions for treatment of instability, require knowledge of morphometric properties of this area. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate adult dried human skulls to analyze morphometric features of the bones that joined the craniovertebral junction. Materials and Methods: Morphometric analysis was performed on dry bones which found in the excavations. 9 occipital bone, 18 atlas and 16 axis were measured. Differences between measurements were determined using t-tests and were considered significant at p<0.05. Results: The distance between both tips of the transverse processes (p<0.001), the distance between both outermost edges of the transverse foramen (p=0.011), the distance between both innermost edges of the transverse foramen (p=0.013), the maximum transverse diamater of the vertebral canal (p=0.014), the maximum anteroposterior diameter of the vertebral canal (p=0.014) and the width of the inferior articular facet (left p<0.001 and right p=0.005) were found significantly shorter in females atlases. The width of the dens axis (p<0.001), the height of the corpus axis (p=0.034), the distance from lateral most edge of the transvers process to midline (left p=0.049), the length of the inferior articular facet (left p=0.004, right p=0.005), the width of the superior articular facet (right p=0.007) were found significantly shorter in females axises. Conclusion: Morphometric analysis is very important in the development and improvement of surgical techniques. In this context, the results of our study can contribute to developments in this area. Keywords: Atlas, axis, occipital bone, craniovertebral junction