Human hair fibers in virgin and dyed forms were treated with atmospheric pressure helium, helium/ oxygen, argon, and argon/oxygen plasma jets at 20 W of power. The effects of 10-min plasma treatment on surface morphology and chemistry were studied by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, respectively. The plasma treatment was quite effective for removing the organic residues from the surface and creating oxidized functional groups. Helium plasma had a mild cleaning effect on the surfaces while argon/oxygen plasma had the strongest corrosive effect. Mild hydrogen peroxide treatment for the same duration had neither the cleaning nor the oxidizing power of the plasma jets. These types of plasma jets have the potential to replace peroxide treatment. The corrosive jets can be used to restore dyed hair fibers. In addition, the jets can be used to clean the surfaces of hair fibers to prepare samples for analytical investigations where the organic residues may induce problems.
Heat shock protein (Hsp) gene family members in the watermelon genome were identified and characterized by bioinformatics analysis. In addition, expression profiles of genes under combined drought and heat stress conditions were experimentally analyzed. In the watermelon genome, 39 genes belonging to the sHsp family, 101 genes belonging to the Hsp40 family, 23 genes belonging to the Hsp60 family, 12 genes belonging to the Hsp70 family, 6 genes belonging to the Hsp90 family, and 102 genes belonging to the Hsp100 family were found. It was also observed that the proteins in the same cluster in the phylogenetic trees had similar motif patterns. When the estimated 3-dimensional structures of the Hsp proteins were examined, it was determined that the α-helical structure was dominant in almost all families. The most orthologous relationship appeared to be between watermelon, soybean, and poplar in the ClaHsp gene families. For tissue-specific gene expression analysis under combined stress conditions, expression analysis of one representative Hsp gene each from root, stem, leaf, and shoot tissues was performed by real-time PCR. A significant increase was detected usually at 30 min in almost all tissues. This study provides extensive information for watermelon Hsps, and can enhance our knowledge about the relationships between Hsp genes and combined stresses.
Yaşlı bireyler yetersiz besin tüketimleri ve beslenme sorunlarından dolayı toplumda beslenmelerine dikkat etmesi gereken risk taşıyan kişiler arasında yer almaktadır. Yaşlılarda yeterli ve uygun beslenme şekli, yeterli sıvı alımı sağlığın korunmasında ve geliştirilmesinde, yaşam kalitesinin yükseltilmesinde önemlidir. Yetersiz beslenme ve sıvı kaybı yaşlılarda sıklıkla ihmal edilen sorunlardır. Yaşlı bireylerde yetersiz beslenme ve sıvı alımının az olması enfeksiyon oranları ve basınç yaralarının artması, hastanede kalış süresinin uzaması, böbrek fonksiyonlarının azalması ve ölüm oranının artması ile ilişkilidir. Kliniklerde bakım verilen yaşlı bireylerin beslenme ve sıvı alma durumları ile ilgili risklerin belirlenmesi önemlidir. Yeterli beslenmenin sağlanamadığı durumlarda oral, enteral ve/veya parenteral beslenme desteği faydalı olabilir. Yaşlılarda yetersiz beslenme, sıvı kaybının önlenmesi, tedavisi multidisipliner bir yaklaşımı gerektirir. Hemşire, hekim ve diyetisyen işbirliği ile yaşlıların beslenme girişimlerinin planlanması, beslenme ve sağlık durumlarının periyodik olarak değerlendirilmesi, bedenin sıvı durumunu takip etmek için vücut ağırlığının izlenmesi, yetersiz beslenme ve sıvı kaybı tedavisinde önem taşımaktadır. Bu makalede Avrupa Klinik Beslenme ve Metabolizma Derneği tarafından geliştirilen ''Yaşlılarda Klinik Beslenme ve Hidrasyon Üzerine ESPEN Rehberi'' (2019) ile ilgili öneriler okuyucular ile paylaşılacaktır. Bu rehberin önerileri kliniklerde yaşlı bireylere bakım veren hemşire ve sağlık ekibine uygulamalarını gözden geçirmelerinde kaynak oluşturacaktır.
This study aims to compare economic, health, routine-change and isolation anxiety levels between private and public sector employees during the Covid-19 pandemic in Turkey. For this purpose, an online questionnaire is adapted from the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and sent to the 1111 participants from both sectors. It is hypothesized that economic anxiety would have a greater effect on private sector employees than public sector employees while the health anxiety has more dominant effects on public sector employees. To test the significance level of the mean differences between these groups, an independent sample t test was used and for testing the significance level of the mean differences among three or more groups one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used. The t test results revealed that private sector employees had higher levels of economic anxiety on average than public sector employees. While there is no significant difference between the sectors in terms of health anxiety, routine change anxiety is higher on average over all other anxiety levels for both sectors. According to the results of one-way ANOVA test, employees living in minimum subsistence conditions, i.e., low-income group, had much more intense levels of economic anxiety than high-income group, and it was concluded that high-income group was under psychological pressure due to the routine changes they experienced. Finally, the results showed that private sector employees were more feared about getting short-time working allowances compared to public sector employees.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.