Abstract:The Late Miocene sublittoral marls of the Pannonian Stage (the long-lived Lake Pannon) were studied. From neotectonic point of view, the investigated area represents a natural border between two different morphostructural domains: the Pannonian Basin to the north and the Peri-Pannonian Realm to the south. More than 20 mollusc and 34 ostracod species were identified which indicate the upper part of the Lower Pannonian and the lower part of the Middle Pannonian ("Serbian") predominantly. The identified dinoflagellate cyst assemblage (21 taxa) hinders assignment of the studied samples to a Pannonian substage but supports the high endemism of the Pannonian flora. The lithostratigraphical, paleontological, and paleoecological analyses indicate a mesohaline (8-16 ‰), sublittoral ( < 90 m deep) environment of the early Lake Pannon. The estimated stratigraphic range for the investigated deposits is 9.8-11.4 Ma. ·

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The palaeoecology of fossil molluscs of Serbia is insufficiently studied. Drilling predation indicates interactive relationships among Middle Miocene Badenian molluscs from the Rakovica sands. These sands are present in the Rakovica stream valley (southern part of Belgra de), and well-known data about the fauna has existed since the end of the XIX century. The collected material (one bulk sample) from the sec tion was used for studies that included 2301 shells of molluscs (1617 of gastropods and 684 of bivalves). Among them were specimens with predatory drill holes. Determining the value of drilling frequency (DF) and prey effectiveness (PE) facilitates identification of the rela tionship between shell-drilling predators and their prey. Based on analysis of the overall association, carnivorous gastropods were do mi nant in the sample, comprising more than fifty percent (52.32%) of all gastropod specimens. In addition, they constitute a large percentage of the total sample (43.19%). The largest number of victims was observed among bivalves, which are indicated by a DF of 16.96%. The results were compared with other localities of Miocene age in Paratethys and with studies on the Miocene sediments from the Boreal and the Atlantic Provinces. These comparisons show that PE and DF are very similar to results from the Central Paratethys, but that they are significantly higher than in the other are as mentioned. Pančevo (IVKOVIĆ, 1966). This area, based on main stratigraphic and tectonic studies, is a composite geological setting represented by block (horst and graben) structures. In this relatively

The largest single-pylon, cable-stayed bridge in the world was opened in Belgrade on January 1, 2012 and it passes over the tip of the Ada Ciganlija Island. Its monumentality, architectural design and construction innovations became a new symbol of Belgrade. Core samples from the boreholes drilled for the construction of the bridge revealed a relatively complex subsurface geological structure. An Upper Cretaceous-Paleogene flysch formation and Middle Miocene Sarmatian sediments were found near the surface on the right bank of the Sava River. However, at the tip of Ada Ciganlija, the Upper Cretaceous-Palaeogene flysch strata were found below several different Miocene and Quaternary units. In the deepest borehole DB-6, the flysch deposits were found at a depth of 80 meters. On the left bank of the Sava River in New Belgrade, only Upper Miocene Pannonian marls and Pleistocene and Holocene alluvial deposits were drilled. Based on a comparative analysis of the borehole sections and structural characteristics of the rocks, it could be concluded that the Pre-Quaternary units cascade subsided along sub-parallel faults towards N-NW. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 176015

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Abstract:The topographic plane of the Earth has irregular shape, and for the purpose of mathematical defining, it is to be approximated by rotational ellipsoid. As local geodetic datum, rotational ellipsoids of various sizes are used in the world. More widely usage of the GPS while performing surveying tasks has resulted in the need to define global geodetic datum in order to obtain the best approximation the entire Earth. For this purpose, geocentric rotational ellipsoid WGS84 was defined and the results of the GPS measurements are shown in relation to it. By applying the appropriate equations, the ellipsoidal coordinates are being transformed from WGS84 into the coordinates on the local rotational ellipsoid, i.e. on the view plane. The paper shows User Defined Function created for Excel, by which the coordinates in the territory of Belgrade are being transformed from WGS84 of rotational ellipsoid into the Gauss-Krüger projection plane. Key words: WGS84, Bessel ellipsoid, transformation of coordinatesApstrakt: Topografska površ Zemlje je nepravilnog oblika, a u cilju matematičkog definisanja, aproksimira se obrtnim elipsoidom. Kao lokalni geodetski datumi u svetu se koriste obrtni elipsoidi različitih dimenzija. Sve masovnija upotreba GPS-a pri obavljanju geodetskih radova uslovila je potrebu definisanja globalnog geodetskog datuma kojim će se najbolje aproksimirati cela Zemlja. U tom cilju, definisan je geocentrični obrtni elipsoid WGS84 i rezultati GPS merenja se prikazuju u odnosu na njega. Primenom odgovarajućih jednačina, elipsoidne koordinate iz WGS84 transformišu se u koordinate na lokalnom obrtnom elipsoidu, odnosno projekcionoj ravni. U radu je prikazana User Defined Function kreirana za Excel, kojom se na teritoriji Beograda transformišu koordinate sa WGS84 obrtnog elipsoida u ravan Gaus-Krigerove projekcije.

Mining projects for mineral resource mining contain in certain cases specific technical and technological solutions, these being the result of the mine's characteristic spatial position and the geometry of the ore deposit, existing mining works, structures, and terrain relief etc. For the purpose of completion of the mining project, it is necessary to carry out a series of mining and surveying tasks during the pre-project and project stage of mining, as well as during the construction of mining facilities and excavation of mineral resources. Specific features of the project concerning excavation of the remaining reserves of bauxite in the deposit of "Podbracan", and in this way the forthcoming mining and surveying works, are displayed by the integration of the underground mining project into the existing mine chambers, infrastructure structures on the terrain surface and into the open pit. Large number of mining and surveying works will follow the completion of this project, but in the meantime, this paper shows the a priory accuracy assessment of the spatial position of the point, it being the exit point to the existing bench of the open pit at the elevation +420m.keywords: underground mining, bauxite mine, mine surveying, a priori accuracy assessment.

This work presents major lithological, structural, paleontological and paleomagnetic characteristics of the Upper Miocene Pannonian marl in the Filijala Open Pit of the La Farge Cement Plant near Beocin, northern Serbia. Pannonian marl lies between the underlying heterogeneous Sarmatian deposits and the overlying set of Pontian sand beds and Quaternary sediments. The open pit is located on the NE range of Fruska Gora, a horst structure with a core of Paleozoic, Mesozoic and Paleogene rocks in a complex structural pattern. Pannonian sediments, which are part of a younger structural stage, deposited on the horst limbs. The Pannonian marl strata dip at angles from 12? to 26? (to the NNW), forming a monocline. The strata deformations are a consequence of radial tectonics and are a potential source of landslides. The many mollusks (7 gastropod and 9 bivalve species) and ostracodes (27 species) and their biostratigraphical position indicate marl deposition throughout the Pannonian age. A paleomagnetic investigation established that the marl has inconsistent remanent magnetization (with bad statistical parameters), which originates from neoformed magnetite.