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An unsuspicious histology in CT-guided renal tumor biopsy does not preclude patients with suspicious renal masses from being diagnosed with malignancies.

Two-cell murine embryos were cultured for 72 h in the presence or absence of granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), frozen for 60 days and, after thawing, cultured for an additional 24 h in the presence or absence of GM-CSF. During the initial 72 h period, GM-CSF did not influence the percentage of embryos reaching the expanded blastocyst stage, but there was a significant increase (P < 0.05) in the number of cells in the embryos grown with GM-CSF. Survival after thawing was not affected by previous exposure to GM-CSF, but re-expansion of the blastocoele was diminished in that group. Exposure to GM-CSF during the post-thaw period greatly enhanced re-expansion of the blastocoele. The presence of human serum albumin in the culture media is thought to have masked the beneficial effect of GM-CSF upon embryos.

were enrolled. SBET and DCET were performed in 156 and 383 patients, respectively. Only the first transfer cycle were considered. The reproductive outcomes were compared between these two groups.RESULTS: The two groups were statistically similar regarding age, body mass index and cause of infertility (p > 0.05), however, the infertility duration, infertility type and insemination methods were significantly different (p < 0.05).Multivariate regression analysis showed a significantly lower implantation rate (47.9% vs. 57.7%), but markedly higher rates of clinical pregnancy (68.1% vs. 57.7%) and multiple pregnancy (41.4% vs. 3.3%) in the DCET group compared to the SBET group (p < 0.05). While the live birth rate was similar. (52.0% vs. 47.4%, P ¼ 0.451).The DCET group was associated with statistically higher risks of preterm delivery (24.5% vs. 12.8%), low birth weight (31.7% vs. 11.1%), perinatal mortality (9.5% vs. 1.4%) and lower live birth weight (2750 AE 650 vs. 3050 AE 500 g) and gestational age at delivery (36.8 AE 3.9 vs. 37.8 AE 2.8 weeks) compared to the SBET group (p < 0.05). While no significant difference was found in the miscarriage rate (19.5% vs. 15.1%, p ¼ 0.378).CONCLUSIONS: SBET could increase the implantation rate and decrease the risks of multiple pregnancy, preterm delivery and perinatal mortality, but with the same live birth rate as DCET. So SBET was recommended for women with a unicornuate uterus.

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OBJECTIVE: To evaluate if the assessment of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content is a useful tool to predict implantation and pregnancy performance in frozen euploid blastocysts transfer cycles.DESIGN: Retrospective comparative study.

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