In this work, a simple phosphating process was proposed
to modify cellulose-acetate (CA) and lignin for a novel energy storage
precursor material. The prepared precursor fibers exhibited good thermal
stability of lignin and flexibility of CA. Subsequently, the precursor
fibers undergo a short preoxidation and carbonization treatment process
to obtain the biomass-based carbon fibers (CFs) with complete fibrous
morphology, uniform fiber diameter, high surface areas, good flexibility,
and excellent power storage capacity. The specific capacitance of
346.6 F/g was obtained by using CFs-5 (prepared with 40% H3PO4 content) as a supercapacitor. Simultaneously, the
biomass-based CF supercapacitor device delivers a high-energy density
of 31.5 Wh/kg at the power density of 400 W/kg. These results indicate
that the introduction of H3PO4 can effectively
reduce the energy consumption of the preoxidation treatment process
for the preparation of the biomass-based CFs, while increasing the
energy storage properties significantly. This novel strategy showed
a successful route for the preparation of high-quality and low-consumption
biomass-based CFs.
Lignin
shows great potential for carbon-based functional materials
and composite material electronics. However, high heterogeneity, poor
thermal stability, and low molecular weight limit the practical application
of lignin for fiber-shaped lignin-based materials, especially in the
field of supercapacitors with high energy storage devices. Herein,
a simple modification and fractionation strategy is designed to obtain
lignin for the preparation of high-performance lignin-based carbon
fibers (CFs). The modification and fractionation process effectively
increases the molecular weight and reduces the heterogeneity of lignin.
The introduction of lignin with large molecular weight and low heterogeneity
is conducive to reduce the carbon weight loss of the precursor fibers,
maintain the morphology of lignin-based CFs, and then significantly
improve the specific surface area and energy storage properties. The
specific surface area and energy storage density of the obtained lignin-based
CFs reach 2042.86 m2/g and 442.2 F/g, respectively. This
strategy provides a simple and effective method for the preparation
of high-performance, low-cost, and green energy storage materials.
Flexible nano-scale carbon materials with good energy storage properties prepared by biomass have been a challenging task. Herein, we develop a simple and efficient strategy for preparing high-performance green...
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