Rational design of multifunctional biomaterials with customized architecture and on demand bioactivity is of great significance for bone tissue engineering (BTE) in modern society. Herein, a versatile therapeutic platform has been established by integrating cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO 2 NPs) into bioactive glass (BG) to fabricate three-dimensional (3D)-printed scaffolds, achieving a sequential therapeutic effect against inflammation and promoting osteogenesis toward bone defect. The antioxidative activity of CeO 2 NPs plays a crucial role in alleviating the oxidative stress upon formation of bone defects. Subsequently, CeO 2 NPs exert a promotion effect on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of rat osteoblasts through enhancing mineral deposition and alkaline phosphatase and osteogenic gene expression. Strikingly, the incorporation of CeO 2 NPs bestows on the BG scaffolds greatly reinforced mechanical properties, improved biocompatibility, adequate cell adhesion, elevated osteogenic capability, and multifunctional performance in a single platform. In vivo studies on the treatment of rat tibial defect confirmed the better osteogenic properties of CeO 2 −BG scaffolds compared with pure BG scaffolds. Additionally, the employment of the 3D printing technique creates a proper porous microenvironment around the bone defect, which further facilitates the cell ingrowth and new bone formation. This report provides a systematic study on CeO 2 −BG 3D-printed scaffolds prepared by simple ball milling method, achieving sequential and integral treatment in BTE based on a single platform.
As the number of diabetics increases yearly and diabetic ulcer is the most concerned diabetic complication, it is of great urgency to develop a novel multifunctional material with high efficiency to promote diabetic wound healing. In this paper, ceria (CeO2)‐modified upconversion nanoparticles which loaded in polycaprolactone membranes were successfully prepared as a ceria‐based wound dressing for chronic wound healing. In this system, near‐infrared (NIR) light is used as a switch to control the photodynamic antibacterial therapy by converting the NIR photons into ultraviolet light, which can further trigger CeO2 to produce reactive oxygen species. In addition, the well‐known antioxidant ability of CeO2 endows the wound dressing with prominent capability to resist the oxidative stress around chronic wounds. In summary, both photodynamic antibacterial therapy and good antioxidant property are realized simultaneously in this CeO2‐based system to promote the healing of diabetic chronic wounds.
Cesium lead halide (CsPbX3, X = Br, Cl, I) perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) possess tunable band gaps across the entire visible spectral range and are promising for various optoelectronic device applications. However, poor performance in adverse conditions limits their further development in practical optoelectronics. Herein, highly stable perovskite NCs are developed by doping europium(II) (Eu2+) into the B-site of CsPbBr3 with negligible lattice distortion/strain. Eu2+-doped CsPbBr3 NCs exhibit tunable green-to-cyan emissions, high photoluminescence quantum yield, and good resistance to harsh conditions, including ultraviolet irradiation, erosion of moisture, and corrosion of polar solvent molecules. In particular, the thermal stability of CsPbBr3 NCs after Eu2+ doping is greatly enhanced under continuous heating in air, while exhibiting the emissions of Eu2+. Furthermore, a Eu2+-doped CsPbBr3 NC-based cyan light-emitting diode is fabricated, which exhibits narrow exciton emission driven under different current densities. This work would open the avenue to develop the rational lanthanide ion doping strategy for further advancing perovskite nanomaterials toward practical applications.
ObjectiveTraditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has considerable experience in the treatment of cerebral palsy (CP), but little evidence shows the effect of a combination of TCM and modern rehabilitation therapies on CP. This systematic review aims to evaluate the effect of integrated TCM and modern rehabilitation therapies on motor development in children with CP.MethodsWe systematically searched five databases up to June 2022, including PubMed, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science. Gross motor function measure (GMFM) and Peabody Development Motor Scales-II were the primary outcomes to evaluate motor development. Secondary outcomes included the joint range of motion, the Modified Ashworth scale (MAS), the Berg balance scale, and Activities of Daily living (ADL). Weighted mean differences (WMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to determine intergroup differences.ResultsA total of 2,211 participants from 22 trials were enrolled in this study. Among these, one study was at a low risk of bias and seven studies showed a high risk of bias. Significant improvements were found in GMFM-66 (WMD 9.33; 95% CI 0.14–18.52, P < 0.05, I2 = 92.1%), GMFM-88 (WMD 8.24; 95% CI 3.25–13.24, P < 0.01, I2 = 0.0%), Berg balance scale (WMD 4.42; 95% CI 1.21–7.63, P < 0.01, I2 = 96.7%), and ADL (WMD 3.78; 95% CI 2.12–5.43, P < 0.01, I2 = 58.8%). No adverse events were reported during the TCM intervention in the included studies. The quality of evidence was high to low.ConclusionIntegrated TCM and modern rehabilitation therapies may be an effective and safe intervention protocol to improve gross motor function, muscle tone, and the functional independence of children with CP. However, our results should be interpreted carefully because of the heterogeneity between the included studies.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD42022345470.
Disease or organ damage due to unhealthy living habits, or accidents, is inevitable. Discovering an efficient strategy to address these problems is urgently needed in the clinic. In recent years, the biological applications of nanotechnology have received extensive attention. Among them, as a widely used rare earth oxide, cerium oxide (CeO2) has shown good application prospects in biomedical fields due to its attractive physical and chemical properties. Here, the enzyme‐like mechanism of CeO2 is elucidated, and the latest research progress in the biomedical field is reviewed. At the nanoscale, Ce ions in CeO2 can be reversibly converted between +3 and +4. The conversion process is accompanied by the generation and elimination of oxygen vacancies, which give CeO2 the performance of dual redox properties. This property facilitates nano‐CeO2 to catalyze the scavenging of excess free radicals in organisms, hence providing a possibility for the treatment of oxidative stress diseases such as diabetic foot, arthritis, degenerative neurological diseases, and cancer. In addition, relying on its excellent catalytic properties, customizable life‐signaling factor detectors based on electrochemical techniques are developed. At the end of this review, an outlook on the opportunities and challenges of CeO2 in various fields is provided.
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