Addicted persons in a residential treatment center rated the traits which they felt were the most positive and negative in a counselor. Lists of traits were developed by having one group of clients make a list, in their own words, of positive and negative traits. These traits were compiled into lists from which other groups of clients rated the top 10 positive and the top 10 negative counselor traits. Profiles were developed for eight subgroups (Males, Females, Black Clients, White Clients, Alcoholics, Cocaine Addicts, Younger Clients: 18-23 years old, and Older Clients: 43+ years). Significant differences were found in the type of counselor preferred by various groups within the sample. The data suggest that addicted persons, while using colorful and imprecise language, have definite preferences and aversions toward certain counselor traits. These findings should be useful to counselors as well as those involved in training programs.
The present study investigated determinants of relapse and antecedents of recent use for 30 substance abusers re-entering inpatient treatment. A structured interview assessment revealed that the patients relapsed within two months following previous treatment, yet waited 2.7 years before re-entering treatment. Alcohol was often the initial and subsequently the most frequently used substance. Determinants of relapse were a variety of interpersonal and intrapersonal events. However, antecedents to recent use were almost exclusively negative emotional states such as depression and loneliness. Implications for treatment are presented.
Australian law schools are becoming increasingly diverse. Yet, there is very little quantitative or qualitative data on diversity in law schools and even less research examining how students' diverse backgrounds and social identitiesincluding their sexual orientation and gender identityimpact on their law student experience. This article begins to fill this gap in the literature by reporting the findings from a study examining the law school experiences of LGBTQI+ students at all law schools within a single Australian state. The study reveals that much of the law school experience is similar for both LGBTQI+ and non-LGBTQI+ students, and that LGBTQI+ law students generally perceive law school to be an accepting and equitable environment. However, compared to their non-LGBTQI+ peers, LGBTQI+ law students self-censor more often, witness more bullying and harassment, and feel more stress when interacting with academic staff. Based on the findings from the study, the article suggests strategies law schools might consider to support LGBTQI+ diversity, visibly promote acceptance of "otherness" in tangible ways, and ensure a safe learning environment in which all students can flourish.
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