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Provide a structured summary that includes (as applicable): background, objectives, eligibility criteria, sources of evidence, charting methods, results, and conclusions that relate to the review questions and objectives.

Background: Non-motor symptoms, quality of life, service needs, and barriers to care of individuals with movement disorders are not well explored. This study assessed these domains within a sample of individuals with essential tremor (ET) and Parkinson's disease (PD). Methods: A survey exploring symptoms, needs, and barriers to care was disseminated to a convenience sample (N596) of individuals with a primary diagnosis of ET (N519) or PD (N577). Results: Similarities in overall quality of life and impact on daily functioning were found across individuals with ET and PD. Noteworthy differences included endorsement of different types of service needs and utilization patterns and fewer non-motor symptoms reported among those with ET (M56.1, SD52.4) than those with PD (M510.4, SD53.4). Non-motor symptoms significantly impacted movement disorder-related quality of life for both diagnostic groups, but this relationship was stronger for individuals with ET, t(12)53.69, p50.003, b50.73 than with PD, t(56)54.00, p,0.001, b50.47. Individuals with ET also reported higher rates of stigma (31.6% vs. 7.8%) and greater impact of non-motor symptoms on emotional well-being, R 2 50.37, F(1, 13)57.17, p50.020. Discussion: This is the first study to describe and compare the needs, barriers to care, and impact on quality of life of two distinct movement disorder groups. Our results support the recent efforts of the field to identify interventions to address the non-motor symptoms of movement disorders and indicate need for greater appreciation of the specific differences in symptoms and quality of life experienced across movement disorder diagnoses.

As the U.S. population of older adults with chronic health conditions grows, there will be an increasing number of college-age students who are introduced to informal caregiving responsibilities. Despite the aging of the population, there is a dearth of information regarding college-age caregivers, who are a demographic likely to provide care for their family members with chronic health conditions in the not-too-distant future. The purpose of the current study was to examine the potential influence of ageism and ableism on the willingness to provide care for a family member with a chronic health condition among a sample of undergraduate students (n ϭ 330). Participants completed an online survey measuring these constructs. Ageism and ableism were significantly positively associated. Hierarchal linear regressions found that after controlling for age and ableism, ageism explained 5% of the variance in willingness to provide emotional care, 4% in instrumental care, and 5% in nursing care. Higher affective ageist attitudes were uniquely and inversely associated with willingness to provide emotional (␤ ϭ Ϫ.187), instrumental (␤ ϭ Ϫ.175), and nursing care (␤ ϭ Ϫ.215). Although not significant in the multivariate models, ableism-behavior was inversely associated with instrumental willingness to care in a bivariate manner (r ϭ Ϫ.14). These findings suggest that ageism has a potentially powerful influence on the future provision of care for a family member with a chronic health condition. Future research and interventions to identify methods to reduce ageism may lead to later willingness to provide care and improved quality of care toward older adults.

The current study findings suggest religiosity, family functioning, and family values play a role in willingness to provide care, and thus, future researchers should target these constructs for intervention-based studies. (PsycINFO Database Record

The purpose of this study was to investigate among college students the relationship between personality traits and willingness to care for a relative with a chronic health condition. 329 undergraduate students completed an online questionnaire. Hierarchical multiple regressions found that after controlling for demographics personality traits explained 10% of the variance in willingness to provide emotional care, 7% in instrumental care, and 7% in nursing care. Within these models, greater empathy was uniquely associated with willingness to provide emotional, instrumental, and nursing care for a family member in the future. Similarly, participants with high agreeableness were more willing to provide emotional care, and participant older age was a unique predictor of instrumental care. The results can help shape research on interventions that incorporate perspective taking, motivational interviewing, and training in life skills as a means of boosting college students' willingness to provide care for a relative with a chronic health condition.

Mental disorders are common among outpatients receiving VA specialty care for SCI. These findings highlight the importance of having adequate and effective available mental health services available for Veterans with SCI.

Background: Little is known about how COVID-19 has influenced the role of family caregivers in advance care planning (ACP). Objectives: To explore the experiences of family caregivers and ACP in the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic. Design: Exploratory sequential mixed-methods design of caregiver characteristics and pandemic response to ACP. Settings/Subjects: Family caregivers of care recipients with varied caregiving needs (dementia, mental illness, etc.). Measurements: Quantitative survey was done of fixed-choice questions of 82 caregivers. Semistructured qualitative telephone interviews were performed of a subsample of participants (n = 28). Results: Some (19%) of family caregivers revisited or updated advance directives of care recipients and/or had some type of contingency plan (33%) if they were to become ill. We identified three barriers caregivers faced during the pandemic that may have limited their engagement with ACP. Conclusions: Family caregivers need education regarding ACP and specific resources that can guide and support them through the process of ACP, for both themselves and care recipients.