Objective A study was carried out to evaluate the relationship between anosmia and hospital admission in coronavirus disease 2019 patients. Methods The clinical data of 1534 patients with confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 virus were analysed. The study was conducted with medical records of 1197 patients (78 per cent). The basic characteristics of patients and symptoms related to otolaryngology practice were examined. The patients were divided into two groups according to their follow up: an out-patient group and an in-patient group. Results The majority of patients presented with anosmia (44.2 per cent), dysgeusia (43.9 per cent) and fever (38.7 per cent). Anosmia was observed in 462 patients (47 per cent) in the out-patient group, and in only 67 patients (31.2 per cent) in the in-patient group. Younger age (odds ratio = 1.05, 95 per cent confidence interval = 1.03–1.06) and the presence of anosmia (odds ratio = 2.04, 95 per cent confidence interval = 1.39–3) were significantly related to out-patient treatment. Conclusion Anosmia could be a symptom in the clinical presentation of the coronavirus disease 2019 infection.

Endotracheal intubation is a commonly used method for securing airway. It is considered to be safe but it can still lead to some complications of the airway. Recurrent nerve paralysis due to endotracheal intubation is a rare complication. Pathophysiology is explained as neuropraxia of RLN's compression between the tube and the lamina of the thyroid cartilage or between arytenoid and cricoid cartilages due to tube cuff pressure or tube itself. In literature, unilateral vocal cord paralysis (VCP) due to intubation is more common than bilateral paralysis. In the presented case report, a young patient stayed intubated for only 3 days in intensive care unit who experienced bilateral VCP 2 days after extubation. He had total recovery 5 days after emergency tracheotomy suggesting neuropraxia of the nerve. Neuropraxia of RLN resulting in bilateral VCP due to inappropriate size or excess cuff pressure of the intubation tube may be the underlying reasons. The clinicians must be aware of complications of intubation and should apply appropriate treatment method as soon as possible. Appropriate size and cuff pressure should be chosen for endotracheal intubation.

Cervical lymphangiomas are benign congenital malformations of lymphatic system usually seen in children under 2 years of age. It is rare in adults. They can be seen in any part of the body but the most common area in the neck region is posterior triangle. They usually present as asymptomatic masses. There are various ways of treatment, but the most common treatment modality is surgical resection. Here, the authors present a giant lymphangioma in the neck region of an adult who is treated with surgical resection without any complication.

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Objective: We aimed to investigate the incidence of hearing loss in patients followed up for Chronic Immune Thrombocytopenia Purpura (ITP). Material and Methods: All patients over the age of 18 who referred to the hematology outpatient clinic between January and June 2020 and followed up with the diagnosis of Chronic ITP were included in the study. Hearing tests of patients diagnosed with Chronic ITP and received first-line treatment (IVIG and corticosteroid) for any reason other than ear diseases during their treatment were evaluated retrospectively. Patients with a history of hearing loss, perforation of the tympanic membrane or who had any squeal due to a previous chronic ear infection and patients who had a previous ear operation were excluded from the study. In addition, patients' age, gender, time of ITP diagnosis, platelet values at the time of diagnosis, platelet values during audiological evaluation, concomitant disease, history of splenectomy, additional drug use and ISTH-SSC Bleeding Evaluation Score data were also recorded. Results: Of the 34 cases, 58.8% (n=20) were female and 41.2% (n=14) were male. The mean age was 49.06±18.26. Similarly, when compared, usage of IVIG/Methylprednisolone,  IVIG/ Methylprednisolone /Eltrombopag, and IVIG/Methylprednisolone /Rituximab/Eltrombopag was not found to be a factor that would cause hearing loss (p>0.05). No statistical correlation was found between ISTH-SSC and time of diagnosis (months) and hearing loss (p>0.05). Conclusion: Parameters such as various drugs used in the course of Chronic ITP disease, age, gender, time of diagnosis, and presence of concomitant disease do not cause hearing loss.

Objective: Thyroglossal duct cysts (TGDCs) are one of the most common midline neck masses in children. They may be found in adults as well. The aim of this study was to evaluate the demographics of patients diagnosed with TGDCs and to discuss the diagnosis, treatment plans, and follow-up details. Methods: The data of 91 patients diagnosed with TGDCs in our clinic between January 2010 and February 2017 were obtained. They included demographics, medical records, a postoperative follow-up, and complications. The pathology confirmed TGDCs in all 91 cases. Results: Of 91 patients, 49 (53%) were males, and 42 (46%) were females. The mean age of patients was 20.29. Patients complained of a cystic midline mass in 47 (52%) of cases, and fistulas in the midline neck area in 43 of (47%) cases. All patients underwent the Sistrunk procedure. Fourteen (15%) patients relapsed. Conclusion: TGDCs should be considered in differential diagnosis of midline neck masses in all ages. A physical examination and ultrasonography are the easiest and the most accurate methods in diagnosis. The Sistrunk procedure with its low recurrence rates is the gold standard method in the treatment.

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Objective: Emergency departments (EDs) are overcrowded with patients having ear, nose, and throat (ENT) complaints. A large proportion of patients are not true emergencies. Therefore, understanding patient demographics and referral patterns are important to reduce the number of ED visits. Understanding these will highlight the areas for the improvement of care, cost effectiveness, and education. Methods: Patients who were referred to the adult ED and consulted the ENT clinic between January 2016 and February 2017 were reviewed retrospectively. Age, gender, and diagnosis made at that time were analyzed. Results: A total of 10, 110 patients were admitted to the adult ED and referred to the ENT clinic. Of those, 5,919 (58%) were men and 4,217 (42%) women, with an average age of 44.9 (range, 18-90 years). The most common three diagnoses made during the study period were (in the descending order): epistaxis (n=3,101; 31%), nasal fractures (n=1,620; 16%), and nasal foreign bodies (n=927; 9%). Conclusion: Learning about the most common referral diagnosis made for ENT patients in the ED will enable institutions to find new ways to decrease the number of ED referrals and to conduct non-urgent cases to ENT outpatient clinics. Also, the education process of health employees will be more efficient. Thus, the quality of health care will increase, and costs will decrease.