El objetivo del presente trabajo fue caracterizar el polimorfismo de nucleótido simples 316 y 4751 del gen CAPN y 2959 y CAST1 del gen CAST en la raza bovina criolla colombiana Hartón del Valle. Se genotiparon mediante PCR-RFLP 126 individuos para los cuatro loci. Todos los marcadores fueron polimórficos. El genotipo CC del locus CAPN-316 y el heterocigoto en los otros tres loci tuvieron mayor frecuencia. Las frecuencias de los alelos asociados positivamente con calidad de la carne fueron de C= 21.8 ± 17.5% en CAPN-316, C = 48.4 ± 10.1% en CAPN-4751, T = 52.5 ± 11.4% en CAST-1 y A = 65.1 ± 15.5% en CAST-2959. En todo los loci la Ho (0.599 ± 0.248) fue más alta que la He (0.410 ± 0.081) con valores negativos de FIS y FIT y con desviaciones de EHW solo en CAPN-4751. El valor de FST fue de 0.048 (p < 0.05) y el AMOVA mostró que la variación en estos loci se debía en mayor parte a los individuos (97%). Lo anterior puede ser indicativo de que esta raza presenta predisposición genética para la producción de carne con perfiles de calidad.
Serological controls for diseases of viral origin in animal production systems and the identification of factors associated with infections are decisive elements to establish prevention and control measures. The aim of this study was to establish the serological status for Bovine Viral Diarrhea (BVD) and Enzootic Bovine Leukemia (EBL) viruses in Blanco Orejinegro (BON) cattle from Colombia, and to identify the factors associated with seropositivity. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a total of 498 animals of all age groups and physiological states of the BON breed were selected, belonging to 14 herds located in 6 states of Colombia, in which a survey with 27 questions was conducted. By means of the chi-square test, possible factors associated with seropositivity against the 2 viruses were identified. A sample of 4 ml of blood was taken from each animal to extract plasma and make indirect Elisa tests to detect antibodies against both pathogens. General seropositivity of 27,1% was obtained for EBL, finding as factors associated with seropositivity the inadequate disposition of placental tissues after delivery of the cows and the non-performance of serological tests on new animals entering the herd. For BVD, seropositivity obtained was 50,6%, and the factors associated with seropositivity identified were having had a history of the disease in the herd, and using semen from bulls that are not known to be free for the infection. We suggest establishing control measures considering the factors associated with each viral infection to limit their expansion in the BON cattle production systems of Colombia.
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