The experiment was conducted during 2017 at the compound of Hawassa University in the College of Agriculture, Southern Ethiopia during off cropping season. To investigate the performance of different mung bean varieties on response of different growth parameters such as Specific Leaf Area, Leaf area ratio, net assimilation rate, and Relative growth and total dry Biomass.. Three mung bean cultivars were grown in randomized complete block design with three replications. The objective of the study was to assess the performance of mung bean cultivars in relation to growth parameters and to estimate the analysis of growth characteristics using the primary values generated from these cultivars. Data were specific leaf area ratio, leaf area ratio, net assimilation rate, relative growth rate and above ground biomass. There is significant difference among cultivars observed for total dry biomass. The SLA and LAR of all cultivars increment from first sample to second sample as crop development progressed. The highest SLA and LAR were attributed suniana variety. Gofa local cultivar is highest Total dry biomass, since in this study genetic factor and environment are key factors for achieving optimum growth and dry matter production of mung bean cultivars.
Angular leaf spot (ALS) and Anthracnose (ANT) are important diseases of common bean in Ethiopia. This study was conducted to pyramid resistant genes for ALS and ANT diseases into advanced line and to evaluate isolines against ALS and ANT using marker assisted selection in combination with phenotypic selection. The parent AND277 donor of Phg-1 and Co-14 genes for ALS and ANT respectively and the recipient KT-ABC001 line was used for this experiment. In genotypic selection, SSR and SCAR marker were used. Marker assisted backcrossing procedure was adopted and inheritances for resistant genes were characterized by using F2 and backcrosses. The Chi-square values showed no significant differences for ALS and ANT, 0.05 (p<0.78) and 0.03 (p<0.9) in genotypic and phenotypic selection respectively. The narrow sense heritability for ALS and ANT were 0.97 and 0.95 implying that selection for ALS and ANT can be done at early stage in a segregating population. Correlation values for ALS (r = -0.65) and for ANT (r = -0.73) were obtained between phenotypic and molecular data respectively. Eight gene pyramid groups were developed and evaluated against ALS and ANT. The gene pyramid group means were significantly different from each other (p<0.01) of which, Phg1+phg2+co14+cbb qtl and Phg-1+co-14+cbb QTL exhibited the lowest mean disease score to the three pathogens indicating both a high degree and a broad spectrum of resistance. The study identified three isolines with all four desirable genes. In general, pyramiding multiple genes for durable resistance using MAS in combination with phenotypic selection is invaluable for breeding program.
A field experiment involving seven improved sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] varieties and one local check was carried out at Konso Woreda at Arfayde, Fuchucha and Sorobo farmers’ training center during the 2016-2017 main cropping season to identify the best performing variety to the moisture deficit areas of Segen area people zone. The seven improved sorghum varieties include (Melkam, Seredo, Meko-1, 76TI#23, Teshale, Gubiye, Dekeba) and a local check. The experimental was arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Phenological and growth parameters such as yield and yield components were studied. The result showed that all phenological and growth parameters were significantly affected by variety, also grain yield were significantly affected by variety. Grain yield accounted for 75.28 and 50.74% at Sorobo, 5 3.46 and 51.28% at Arfayde were obtained from the improved sorghum varieties Melkam and Teshale respectively, 58 and 40% were obtained from the improved sorghum varieties 76T1#23 and melkam at Fuchucha respectively over the local check. The highest grain yields of 2.67 and 1.34 t ha-1 at Sorobo, 4.4667 and 4.2667 t/ha) at Arfayde were recorded for the varieties Melkam and Teshale, respectively. Whereas 4.2 and 2.93 t/ha grain yield at Fuchucha were recorded for the varieties 76T1#23 and Melkam, respectively. Therefore, it can be concluded that the use of the improved sorghum varieties such as Melkam or Teshale is advisable and could be appropriate for sorghum production in the studied areas even though further testing is required to put the recommendation on a strong basis.
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