No abstract

The experiments presented here extend previous research on reducing stereotype threat, along with examining the mediating role of performance expectancies. Women who generated shared academic characteristics between men and women predicted higher scores for themselves on a math test compared to the baseline and those who generated shared non-academic characteristics or shared physical characteristics. No effects were found for male participants' performance expectancies on an English test. Extending the relevance of these findings for stereotype threat research, women completing a math test, who first completed the shared academic characteristics task, both expressed higher performance expectancies and greater accuracy in math performance than participants in all other conditions. A partially mediating role of performance expectancies in relation to task and math performance was also found.

There is a clear hierarchical structure of mobility disability that correlates differently with IADL and BADL disabilities. These results suggest that different mobility tasks should be included in disability assessments to suit specific purposes.

No abstract

Purpose: This study explores three dimensions of how gender and ethics may affect negotiation styles and measures the relationship between gender and ethics. Design/methodology/approach: This study applied Structural Equations Modelling that focused on the GreTai Security Market to test the effects and differences of gender on negotiation styles. Findings: The results revealed that gender and ethics significantly affect negotiation styles, and gender significantly affects ethical behaviors. Originality/value: Current transactions are more complex than they were ever before. Information is asymmetric, and expectations differ between the sides. Therefore, an effective negotiation becomes quite crucial to reaching a win-win result. Different countries have different cultural environments; hence numerous different negotiations styles which merit further studies. However, most prior studies in the field are focused on a single factor used to measure another variable that may not consistently capture how gender and ethics affect negotiation styles and the relationships between gender and ethics Implications: This study helps multicultural negotiators and companies find the most competent design for improving the efficiency of negotiations in business and other endeavors. Educators and curriculum designers should consider cultural issues as an integral part of their curriculum in their future designs.

No abstract

No abstract

In everyday situation, there are so many events happening around our lives. Although human beings are capable of perceiving many events happening at the same time, it is not possible for individuals to pay attention to every little detail that they face in this complex environment. In this study, the effect of visual distraction on awareness test was evaluated. The hypothesis was that the presence of visual distraction via laser lights will lower the score on awareness test, whereas a higher score on awareness test would occur when laser lights were absent. The study evaluated 3 male and 14 female university undergraduate students' performance on awareness test and predicted that their performance would be affected by distractions. In the end, data analysis obtained a supportive result to the hypothesis. The study brought up more significant issues between distraction and awareness which also drew more interests for researchers in different fields.