Several studies have highlighted the link between sleep, learning, and memory. Strong evidence shows that sleep deprivation can affect a student’s ability to learn and academic performance. While delayed sleep-wake phase disorder was prevalent among young adults, available evidence showed an inconclusive association between sleep times and academic performance in university students. Therefore, we conducted a cross-sectional study among university students in Indonesia to collect their sleep duration, bedtime, wake-up time, and academic performance. An analysis of 588 university students in Indonesia found that only 38.6% of students sufficiently slept, and their median bedtime and wake-up time was 11:30 pm and 5:30 am, respectively. Gender and wake-up time accounted for a 5.8% variation in academic performance (adjusted R2 = 4.5%) after controlling for sleep duration, bedtime, body mass index, the field of study, batch year, and physical activity. Male had 0.116 [95% Confidence Interval (CI) −0.167 to −0.064] lower grade point average (p < 0.001) than female and students who wake up later had 0.077 (95% Confidence Interval 0.025 to 0.129) greater grade point average (p = 0.004) than students who wake-up earlier. The prevalence of sleep deprivation related to the delayed sleep-wake phase among university students in Indonesia was high. Since wake-up time was related to the increased grade point average, the university should consider developing sleep-friendly policies and interventions to improve their academic performance.
A recent systematic review found a significant drop in physical activity (PA) among university students during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Identifying students’ attitudes and feelings about PA and coronavirus, which could facilitate or hinder PA, is essential to guide intervention planning. Therefore, this study aimed to examine attitudes and feelings about PA and coronavirus as predictors of PA levels. We conducted a cross-sectional study among undergraduate university students in Indonesia to collect their PA levels using the global PA questionnaire version 2 and their attitudes and feelings about PA in pandemic situations. A binomial logistic regression has been conducted to predict whether students will sufficiently engage in PA based on their attitudes and feelings related to PA, coronavirus, and demographic characteristics. Results from 588 undergraduate students (75% female) showed that students perceived the health benefits of PA, perceived feeling guilty about wanting to do PA during the pandemic, body mass index (BMI), and field of study were statistically significant predictors of PA levels. An increase of one unit of perceived health benefits of PA increases the odds of meeting the PA guidelines by 2.313 (95% confidence interval 1.708–3.132, p < 0.001). On the other hand, raising one point of feeling guilty about conducting PA was associated with 1.285 times lower odds (95% confidence interval 1.062–1.558, p = 0.01) of meeting the PA guidelines. Thus, intervention should increase students’ awareness of the physical health benefits of PA during the pandemic and reduce their feeling of guilty about conducting the PA.
IntroductionIntercity mobility restriction, physical distancing, and mask-wearing are preventive behaviors to reduce the transmission of COVID-19. However, strong cultural and religious traditions become particular challenges in Indonesia. This study uses the Behavior Change Wheel to explore barriers and facilitators for intercity mobility restriction, physical distancing, and mask-wearing during Ramadan.MethodsSemi-structured in-depth interviews with 50 Indonesian adults were conducted between 10 April and 4 June 2020. Having mapped codes into the Capacity, Opportunity, Motivation – Behavior (COM-B), and Theoretical Domain Framework (TDF) model, we conducted summative content analysis to analyze the most identified factors to preventive behaviors and proposed interventions to address those factors.ResultsBelief about the consequence of preventive behaviors was the most mentioned facilitator to all preventive behaviors among compliers. However, optimism as a TDF factor was commonly mentioned as a barrier to preventive behaviors among non-compliers, while environmental context and resources were the most commonly mentioned factors for intercity mobility restriction.ConclusionsPublic health intervention should be implemented considering the persuasion and involvement of religious and local leaders. Concerning job and economic context, policy related to the intercity mobility restriction should be reconsidered to prevent a counterproductive effect.
(1) Background: Neglected occupational health and safety aspects in batik industries cause their workers to have an increased risk of lead exposure. The effect of occupational lead exposure on neurocognitive performance is inconclusive. Therefore, we conducted an observational study to examine the difference in simple reaction time between lead-exposed batik workers and non-exposed referents. (2) Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in seven batik enterprises in Lendah District, Indonesia, excluding workers with medical conditions impairing reaction time. Simple reaction time tests were conducted using an online tool. Two-way model ANCOVAs examined interactions between gender and job types on the mean differences in reaction time. (3) Results: After controlling for age and body mass index, we observed longer reaction times among lead-exposed batik workers than non-exposed referents with an adjusted mean difference of 0.19 (95% CI: 0.016–0.368) seconds. A more prominent detrimental effect of lead exposure on reaction time among female workers than among male workers was observed. (4) Conclusions: Our results suggest that occupational lead exposure could contribute to longer reaction time, notably among female workers. Thus, occupational health and safety precautions are vital to protect batik workers and preserve their important contributions to cultural heritage.
IntroductionStair climbing intervention could be suggested to address low occupational physical activity amongst university students and employees. Strong evidence showed the effectiveness of signage intervention in increasing stair use in public areas. However, evidence in worksite settings, including university settings, was inconclusive. This study aimed to evaluate the process and impact of a signage intervention to increase stair use at a university building using the RE-AIM framework.MethodWe conducted a non-randomised controlled pretest-posttest study to examine the effect of signage intervention placed in university buildings in Yogyakarta (Indonesia) between September 2019 and March 2020. The process of designing the signage involved the employees in the intervention building. The main outcome was the change in the proportion of stair use to elevator use measured by manual observations of video recordings from closed-circuit television. A linear mixed model examined the intervention effect by controlling the total visitor count as a confounder. RE-AIM framework was used in the process and impact evaluation.ResultsThe change in the proportion of stair climbing from baseline to the 6th-month phase at the intervention building (+0.067 (95% CI = 0.014–0.120)) was significantly higher than that of the control building. However, the signs did not change the proportion of the stair descending at the intervention building. The signs were potentially viewed 15,077–18,868 times/week by visitors.ConclusionSignage intervention using portable posters could easily be adopted, implemented, and maintained in similar settings. A co-produced low-cost signage intervention was found to have a good reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance dimension.
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