The objective of this study is to define the notion of mainstream/professional journalism by comparatively exploring the historical conditions of media systems development to contrast it with the infrastructure of political culture and professional culture of the past century in
The Internet age has converged various traditional mainstream media institutions as well alternative media platforms together into a hybrid media system with the New Media system that includes alternative media like social media, in particular Twitter and Facebook. Framing Theory and frame analysis has been found functional and suitable for researching complex social media communications and also the interplay of the social media with mainstream traditional media. We reviewed the literature of framing analysis in relation to social media, virtual communities and social movements to present a brief overview of the practical and theoretical potentials of frame analysis and also the particularities and problems that arose in regard to the dynamic nature of social media. As a result, frame analysis presents an even broader potential for the research of dynamic communication processes in the fast lives of virtual communities and the vast effects of online interaction of social, political, commercial institutions.
Günümüz medya toplumunda kültürün yeniden üretilmesinde izler kitle çerçeveleri ile medya çerçeveleri tüm taraflarca etkileşimli olarak kullanılan ana metafor kalıplarıdır. Medya çerçeveleri, her türlü iletişim metninde, ama özellikle kitle iletişim araçlarında içeriği paketlemekte kullanılan retorik ve söylem araçları olarak, gerek güçlü ikna etkileri, gerekse toplumsal iletişimde sorumluluk atfetme, sorunu açıklama, çare önerme gibi ahlaki yargılama işlevlerini yerine getirmekte olduğundan, etik uygulama tartışmalarına konu olmaktadırlar. Çerçeveleme araştırmalarında, çerçeveleme eyleminin etik sorunları bağlamlar ve olaylar örneğinde tartışılırken, çerçevelemenin ahlaki tavır ve yargı belirten işlevleri de yine ayrı örnek olaylar bağlamında incelenmektedir. Ortak kavramsal temelin ötesinde, her iki yaklaşımın sonuçları da ahlakilik tartışmalarına konu olmaktadır.Çerçeveleme ve etik ilişkilerini ele alan teorik ve kavramsal yaklaşımların, “çerçeveleme sorumluluğu” ve temel iletişim ahlakı temelli bir ortak tartışma paydasında karşılaştırılmaları çerçeveleme teorisinin kavramsal gelişimine katkı sağlayacaktır. Bu nedenle çerçevelemenin ahlaki ve etik sorunlarını farklı bağlamlarda ele almış önemli araştırmaları birlikte inceleyen bir literatür analizi gerekli görülmüştür.Çalışma sonucunda, yeni medya devrimiyle birlikte, farklı yapısal ilişkilere ve farklı etkileşim dinamiklerine sahip sosyal medya formlarının gelişmesi ve bunların geleneksel medya yapılarıyla girdikleri ilişkiler temelinde hem medya etiği hem de çerçeveleme araştırmalarında farklı boyutların ve konseptlerin ortaya çıktığı görülmüştür
Online communities are social networks that are shaped around computer-mediated communication, where individuals can discuss and share various topics of interest, and at the same time, social support exchanges are provided in an online environment. Today, these online communities are very important for every individual to express themselves by participating. This research has observed, using a netnographic method, the social support exchanges of women members for quitting smoking through a online community, Kadinlarkulubu.com. The research was first observed by the researcher unattended for about two months and was examined by becoming a member of the online community between 01.12.2019-01.01.2020. The research data were coded by the researcher in NVivo 10 program. According to the findings of the research, community members not only demand social support from each other but also provide social support. This social support exchange has been examined in two dimensions. While the first one creates informational messages for the members to obtain and provide information with each other, the second is the encouragement and motivational messages that the members receive and provide from each other. Informative messages of the members; seeking information, history of meeting with smoking, current status in the smoking cessation process, smoking cessation situations, smoking cessation stories were classified as giving advice. Another dimension of the social support exchange that members gain from each other and provide each other within the community includes the dimension of encouragement and motivation. In this dimension, especially members; direct support requests, messages of encouragement, messages of comfort, to check. Meditation has been observed as intimidation. Finally, regardless of other dimensions, it creates wishes for success, celebration of success and thank you messages for each other. It was observed that the research members were quite willing to request and provide social support in the community. They sincerely share this information, encouragement and motivational support with each other. It has been determined that there is no expert in the community and that social support is provided only by community members.
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