Abstract:The relationships among total 76 ecotypes of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), 70 landraces and 6 cultivars, collected in Van and neighboring provinces were investigated. The experiment was established as an augmented design in 2009. In the molecular method, seventeen RAPD primers were used and 106 polymorphic bands were obtained. The genetic distances between the ecotypes were expressed by Euclidean coefficients. The genetic variation among alfalfa ecotypes was examined in 16 groups based on the localities, landraces and check cultivars. The highest genetic variations and polymorphisms were found in Ercis and Gurpinar localities H = 0.179, I = 0.277, H = 0.173, I = 0.267 and 62.26%, 59.43%, respectively. As a result, high genetic diversity was found out among the ecotypes and cultivars of allogamous Medicago sativa L.

Bu çalışma, Hakkâri ili Merkez Otluca köyünde 2019-2020 yetiştirme sezonunda yürütülmüştür. Çalışma alanının denizden yüksekliği 2100 m’dir.  Araştırma, geç sonbahar ekiminde Arpa (Hordeum vulgare L.)  çeşitlerinde verimi belirlemek için tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre üç tekerrürlü gerçekleştirilmiştir. Denemede üç arpa çeşidi (Larende, Tarm-92 ve Altıkat) kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada bitki boyu, başak boyu, başakta tane sayısı ve tane verimi incelenmiştir. Çalışmada en yüksek tane verimi 243,1 kg/da ile Tarm-92 çeşidinden elde edilmiştir. Arpanın yüksek rakımlı tarlalarda geç sonbahar ekiminde sulama ihtiyacı olduğu bu nedenle sulanamayan alanlarda geç (dondurma) ekimin yapılmaması önerilmektedir.

This study was carried out at the meadows and pastures in Çolpan village of Van province in 2020. In the study, matter yield, botanical composition, plant covered area, rate of decreaser/increaser/invader species were determined. The Loop method was used to determine the botanical composition. In grassland area were identified 69 species belonging to 17 families. In meadow area were identified 20 species belonging to 6 families. The amount of Poaceae, Fabaceae and other families found in the grassland area were determined as 18.66%, 15.65%, and 65.69%, respectively. In the meadow area, the amount of Poaceae, Fabaceae and other families were determined as 67.50%, 15.0%, and 17.50%, respectively. Artemisia spicigera (4.74%) Taeniatherum caput-medusae (5.0%) Arenaria serpyllifolia (5.0%) Medicago monantha (5.92%) species were the most common species found in the grassland area. Hordeum brevisubulatum (25.5%), Bromus scoparius (16.75%), and Taraxacum androssovii (9.25%) species were the most common species found in the meadow area. According to the ratio of good plants, pasture was classified as poor pasture and meadow was in the moderate meadow class. Grassland and meadow matter yields were found to be 91.4 kg/da and 385.2 kg/da, respectively. In the grassland of Çolpan village, invader species were found to be dense. It was concluded that grassland area should be improved.

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