IntroductionSkin wounds have long healing processes, and therefore they decrease the life quality of patients. The healing of wounds in a short time without any infections or scars is the desired outcome. In recent years, there have been many studies conducted on alternative treatment methods for wound healing (1-4). The studies related to wound healing aim to achieve wound healing without scar formation as well as accelerating the wound healing (4). However, studies are still ongoing to achieve optimal wound healing.From ancient times, herbal drugs have been used to treat wounds, and in many cultures their uses continue in traditional medicine. Historically, all medicinal preparations were derived from plants. Today, a significant number of drugs are developed from plants that are active against a number of diseases (5).Nigella sativa (NS) extract and its oil have antineoplastic, antibacterial, antifungal, anthelmintic, antidiabetic, and antioxidant effects, and they stimulate the immune system. These effects stem from the active compounds in the contents of NS. There are many active compounds in NS such as thymoquinone, dithymoquinone, thymol, carvacrol (volatile acids), nigellicine, nigellimine-N-oxide, nigellidine (alkaloids), and α-hedrin (triterpene) (6-8). It has been suggested that thymoquinone acts as an antioxidant and prevents membrane lipid peroxidation in tissues (9).Hypericum perforatum (HP) is used in various ways in wound healing. It is reported in the literature to have antispasmodic, sedative, antiseptic, and antidepressive effects as well as wound-healing effects (10,11). In addition, it is known to be effective against bacteria, viruses, inflammation, and pain (11,12).Today, traditional medicine is commonly used in wound healing. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of NS and HP in the form of an oil cream in concentration of 50% on wound healing in terms of clinical, biochemical, and histological aspects. Materials and methods ChemicalsNS, HP oil cream, and placebo cream were used. To prepare NS and HP oil creams, NS oil (Hel-Kim, 50 mL, Mersin, Turkey) and HP oil (Aksu Vital, 20 mL, İstanbul, Turkey) were separately mixed with equal amount of placebo cream.

Introduction: Erectile dysfunction is the inability to achieve or maintain an erection sufficient for satisfactory sexual performance. Oral use of sildenafil citrate has been proved to be effective in the treatment of erectile dysfunction. Although the effects of sildenafil citrate have been investigated in several studies, its effect on aortic, carotid and renal artery blood flow is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the early and late phase effects of sildenafil citrate on canine aortic, carotid and renal artery blood flow using color Doppler sonography (CDS). Materials and Methods: A total of 6 healthy adult dogs was used in this study. With the aid of CDS peak systolic flow rate, end diastolic flow rate, resistivity index (RI) and pulsatility index in aortic, renal and carotid artery were determined before the administration of sildenafil citrate, 45–75 min after drug administration and after 15 days of drug administration. Data were statistically analyzed using Friedman and Wilcoxon rank tests. p < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results and Conclusions: Significant changes were determined in only 4 out of 28 parameters studied. The significantly changed parameters were as follows: a significant increase in the early and late phase of the postdrug peak of systolic aortic blood flow compared to values before drug administration, an increase in pre- and postdrug RI values of the aorta, a significant decrease in maximum velocity of the right carotid artery, and peak systolic maximum velocity of the left renal segmental artery after drug administration compared to their respective predrug basal values. The results from this study indicate that sildenafil citrate has no significant effects on aortic, renal and carotid artery blood flow rate either in the early or in the late phase. Since this study involved only 6 dogs there is a need for further clinical studies involving larger groups of subjects to conclude that this drug is safe with respect to the hemodynamic parameters evaluated in this study.

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Yapılan çalışmada, kliniğe getirilen sığırlarda gözlemlenen ayak hastalıkları ve tırnak deformiteleri üzerine ırk faktörünün predispoze etkisini istatistiksel olarak ortaya koymak ve bu yönde hasta sahiplerinin bilgilendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmanın materyalini; 2015 ve 2016 yılları arasında ayak hastalıkları ve tırnak deformasyonları yönünden Fırat Üniversitesi Hayvan Hastanesi'ne getirilen değişik ırk ve yaştan toplam 422 adet sığır oluşturdu. Elde edilen veriler sürü gözlem kayıt formlarına işlenerek istatistiksel verileri oluşturulup tablolar halinde sunuldu. Araştırmada ayak hastalıkları olarak; digital dermatitis, interdigital flegmon, interdigital hiperplazi, ökçe eziği, taban ülseri ve beyaz çizgi hastalığı, tırnak deformasyonları olarak ise daha çok küt tırnak, makas tırnak, sivri tırnak tirbüşon tırnak, ayrık tırnak ile yayvan ve dolgun tırnak olguları gözlemlendi.. Sonuç olarak; elde edilen veriler doğrultusunda hasta sahiplerine ayak hastalıkları ve tırnak deformasyonlarınn önlenebilmesi ve verim kayıplarına engel olup ülke ekonomisine katma değer sağlamak için coğrafik şartlara uygun hayvan ırk seçiminin önemi vurgulandı.