In
Arabidopsis thaliana At
PEPR1 and
At
PEPR2 act as the receptors for the endogenous
At
PROPEP-derived Pep peptides and subsequently initiate defense-signaling cascades. In the previous work,
9
the expression pattern of the genes encoding the PEPR receptors and the AtPROPEP peptide precursor proteins was studied using promoter-GUS reporter constructs. Here, using the same constructs to study their expression pattern under biotic and abiotic stress, including
At
Pep1, flg22, methyl jasmonate (MeJA), and NaCl treatments, we observed that in response to
At
Pep1 and flg22, the activation of
AtPEPR1
promoter was different from
AtPEPR2
. We also found that these promoters were differentially activated in response to NaCl. Remarkably, we showed that it is possible to classify the genes of the
AtPROPEP
family, based on the response of their promoters to the various stimuli employed: thus, we classify
AtPROPEP1
in one group;
AtPROPEP2
and
AtPROPEP3
in a second group;
AtPROPEP4, AtPROPEP7
and
AtPROPEP8
in a third group and
AtPROPEP5
in a fourth group. Our finding, confirm non-redundant roles among the members of the AtPROPEP family and their corresponding receptors.
Summary. -Here we identified four isolates, MS, 3H, 50A, and 2K of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) infecting tomato, on the basis of their non-coding intergenic region and a part of the coat protein (CP) sequence in the CMV genomic RNA3. The sequences from the four isolates were compared with other previously characterized isolates of CMV isolated from different plant species across the globe. Sequence comparisons revealed that the two CMV isolates from Hamedan province (MS and 3H) had the highest sequence identity with CMV-G10 (98%), which was previously reported as a severe Hellenic tomato isolate of CMV, while the CMV isolates from Tehran province, including CMV-2K (isolated from Karaj region) and CMV-50A (isolated from Varamin region), had the highest sequence identity with that of CMV-ALF (99%). Phylogenetic analysis of the nucleotide sequences showed that CMV-MS and CMV-3H belong to group IB, while CMV-2K and CMV-50A belong to group IA. This is the first report on the molecular characterization of novel isolates of CMV infecting tomato plants in Iran.
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