<span>Recent days witnessed considerable developments in the field of wireless sensor networks (WSNs). The applications of these networks can be seen in the simple consumer electronic devices as well as in the advanced space technology. The communication protocols are of prior importance and interest; the low-energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH) protocol is used to enhance the performance of power consumption for the WSNs nodes. The efficiency of a wireless network can be affected by different factors, such as the size of the WSN and the initial energy of the sensor node. This can inspire the researchers to develop the optimum structure of the WSNs to get its desired functionality. In this paper, the performance of the low-energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH) protocol is investigated using MATLAB to study the effect of the initial energy of the sensor node and the WSN size on the number of the running nodes. It is found that increasing the initial energy of a sensor node increases the life time of the node and hence the number of the running nodes. It has been also approved that the WSN size has an inverse proportion with the number of running sensor nodes during the use of LEACH protocol.</span>

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<span>Enhancement of teaching and education is crucial. This enhancement is rapidly improved through combining communication and technology resulting in various benefits (particularly the wireless Technologies (WT)). Such combination encourages lecturers to meet the worldwide demand for changing traditional teaching techniques to technology-based methods. Wireless system networks (WSNs) represent systems of smart devices that are<em></em>linked wirelessly. In addition, these devices are characterized by having a bandwidth of bounded communication, abilities of sensing and computation. For performing operations of control, this system employs a Flywheel Position Control System (FW PCS) as a plant node. This study utilizes the True Time 1.5 MATLAB/Simulink platform for simulating and implementing the WSN mathematical model with wireless networks. The simulation is carried out between plant nodes and controller using the IEEE 802.15.4 standard (also called ZigBee) via protocols of Wi-Fi. The suggested E-learning model comprises a set of properties that can encourage and enhance the level of students in various learning purposes and stages. </span>

Wireless technologies are rapidly being adapted from simple monitoring and control to supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system. Wireless provides highly reliable data communications in harsh and interference-heavy environment. In this article, new wireless SCADA system has been built to control Al-Najaf cement plant wirelessly. Two pieces of nanostation5 (5GHz) which utilize the Wi-Fi wireless technology and IEEE802.11/g standard were used. They used as transceiver for transmitting and receiving the information between master station (MS) and remote terminal units (RTUs). CIMON devices from KDT systems for experimental set-up were used. A more detailed focus on Iraq cement plants using wireless technologies for monitoring and control of the whole process as an application also was presented. General TermComputer networks and protocols, Computer control and systems, Industrialized embedded control systems, computerized control and automation, Wireless sensor networks.

The electrostatic precipitator (ESP) is an extensively used system in metallurgical industries and the generation of power to decrease the release of dust in the flue gas. In the design of the Electrostatic precipitator unit, gas emission uniform distribution is expected to fulfil its best aggregation performance. Programming Logic Controller (PLC) is a controller for industrial process automation and self-monitoring. A lot of industries utilized PLC to automatically control the entire process with less involvement from the human and to evade errors. In this paper, A mathematical model for Electrostatic precipitator from physical parameters and analysis has been developed. The controller is built depending on this model using the basic principle of a well-known A Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) controller to control the high voltage of the Electrostatic precipitator (ESP) by adjusting the opening of voltage and current by applying analogue signals (4-20 mA) from output cards of the PLC. The simulation results paved the way to build a practical system. building the mathematical model by using the Identification Toolbox of MATLAB® Version 9.6. The system was built using Allen Bradley PLC. The effect of control parameters (PID) in the case of voltage or current has been studied to demonstrate the efficiency of the model for the precipitator and observer in the case of the control system for the Al-Tahady ESP. The PID controller was built and the best values for the Electrostatic Precipitator controller are (K P =2.3904, K I =3.5382, K D =0.3). PID controller reduces steady-state errors.

This paper proposed an optimization algorithm in order to improve path maintaining of swarm of two wheel mobile robots with presence of external disturbance. The three robots forms use the leaderfollower strategy, the best path for leader is determined using A* algorithm ,the other two robots follow the leader path. Two PID controller are used in each robot to control the angular and velocity torque of wheel. Each PID controller is tuned using intelligent optimization control method which are Particle swarm optimization ,random occurring distributed time delay particle swarm optimization and hybrid particle swarm optimization and genetic after that the proposed algorithm is used for tuning. The new algorithm is the contribution of this article. It is built by combine the random occurring distributed time delayed and genetic algorithm .The combination of these two algorithms takes the advantage of them by using the historical best global position of particles in random occurring distributed time delayed particle swarm optimization algorithm to update velocity of new population generated by genetic algorithm. The integral absolute error (IAE) is computed for system in each algorithm for comparison between them. The performance of intelligent control systems for controlling the three robots path is tested with presence of external disturbance in environment .Two type of external disturbance is tested, these are constant external disturbance and dynamic external disturbance. The performance of the same optimization algorithm is tested in pure environments. From the obtained result ,the new combination method is the best in both disturbance environments (constant or dynamic) and pure.

Wireless Networked control system (WNCS) has an important in all aspects of the life and in the research fields of Engineering. In this article, a real-time implementation of the wireless feedback control system (WFCS) is performed. The stability issue in the closed-loop control system still suffer from noise, disturbances, and need careful considerations to handle it. Three cases to discover the ability of a Fuzzy PID controller to maintain better angular position control system (PCS) is addressed and controlled by a personal computer through a wireless sensor network(WSN) constructed by ZigBee platforms. The practical issues related with the design and implementation of the wireless computerized control system (WCCS) is discussed and analyzed. The simulation results carried out with Matlab/Simulink 2018b. Different parameters effect such as maximum overshoot, sampling frequency, distance and delay time have been studied. These effects on overall system performance would be discussed. Improving the efficient use of ZigBee platform for WFCS. The simulation and experimental results prove the proposed algorithm in the field of wireless control system.