Lasers offer simplification of procedures with predictable outcomes. Choice of laser wavelength depends upon the indication for use, ease of use, availability and its spectrum of application. The following article consists of a case report that demonstrates the combined use of various laser wavelengths for the treatment; using a diode laser for frenectomy and an Er,Cr:YSGG laser for osseous crown lengthening.
Aim: To evaluate the stress distribution and displacement of the denture base in a three dimensional finite element edentulous mandibular model with varied implant positions. Objectives: 1)To evaluate the stresses induced by implants placed in the anterior region of the edentulous mandible. 2)To evaluate the stresses induced by implants placed in the anterior and posterior region of the edentulous mandible. 3)To compare the stresses induced by implants placed in the anterior and posterior region of the edentulous mandible. 4)To evaluate the displacement of the denture base with implants placed in the anterior and posterior region of the edentulous mandible.5)To compare the displacement of the denture base with implants placed in the anterior and posterior region of the edentulous mandible. Materials and Methods: The materials used were Nobel Biocare Mk III long implants 3.75x13mm and short 5.0x7.0 implants, with O-ball head attachment. ANSYS: Version 8.0 software was used to create a threedimensional model of an edentulous mandible and the two implants. Three models were prepared having different implant positions and locations. MODEL 1 Two long implants were placed interforaminally in lateral incisor region one on either side, MODEL 2 Four long implants placed were interforaminally in the central incisor and canine region two on either side and, MODEL 3 Two long implants were placed interforaminally in lateral incisor region one on either side and two short implants were placed in premolar region 3mm posterior to the mental foramen, one on either side. Two types of load were given ie. vertical load of 325N was applied in second premolar and first molar region and 10N load at 150 angulation was applied in the anterior incisors area. The models were loaded separately and stress pattern, amount of stresses and amount of displacement were analysed for each model. Results: The observations obtained from the ANSYS software were analysed and evaluated. Model 3 showed the least amount of stress and displacement as compared to the other models. Conclusion: When the implants were spread across the arch both anteriorly and posteriorly, the stress induced in the bone and displacement of the denture base was seen to be less.
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