This article introduces puppet animation as a process of dicentization, in which the puppet's resemblance to a living creature is treated as if it resulted from the object being alive. This act requires recognition that the puppet is only an object, accompanied by a momentary forgetting. At a state‐funded theater in Kazakhstan, animation is achieved through a complex participant framework. Any component can jeopardize successful animation, yet this configuration enables a range of possibilities for how animation can unfold. A director's shifting of animation techniques transformed social relations and enabled artists to play with new possibilities of puppetry. Coordinating animation requires—and thus assigns—values to those who participate. Understanding animation as dicentization highlights the endeavor as one that generates signs across the proscenium.
0171.xml and sites of application, including ritual, the law, economy, academic discourse, and media, among others. Scholars wishing to engage the primary sources common to contemporary traditions should refer to the works listed below in *Key Works*. Scholars new to the topic or interested in the most recent applications should see *Current Discussions* and *Monographs, Edited Volumes, Special Issues*.
KEY WORKSA number of works serve as important touchstones for current applications and discussions and remain frequently cited. Anthropology's engagement with the idea of intertextuality has largely been through uptake of Bakhtin, especially Bakhtin 1981. Hill 1985 and Hanks 1986 were among the first to draw on Bakhtinian ideas as a method of social discourse analysis. Hanks 1989 offers an early review article on textuality, synthesizing a number of approaches to text, discourse, and genre. The major citations for intertextuality are Bauman and Briggs 1990 and Briggs and Bauman 1992 (see *Genre* for further discussion). In these twin articles, the authors introduce a number of terms--entextualization, decontextualization, recontextualization, as well as intertextual gap--that have remained enduring theoretical resources for ethnographic analysis. For sociolinguistic approaches, Fairclough 1992 provides a
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