During the study repaglinide encapsulated floating microspheres were formulated and characterized for enhancing residence time of drug in git and thereby increasing its bioavailability. Floating microspheres of ethylcellulose (EC) and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) (5 and 100 cps) were prepared by emulsion solvent diffusion technique. During process optimization various parameters were studied such as: drug: polymer ratio, polymer ratio, concentration of emulsifier and stirring speed. Selected optimized formulations were studied for SEM, entrapment, floating behavior, drug release and kinetics. In-vivo floating ability (X-ray) study and in-vivo antidiabetic activity were performed on alloxan induced diabetic rats. Microspheres prepared with different viscosity grade HPMC were spherical shaped with smooth surface. Size of microspheres was in the range of 181.1-248 μm. Good entrapment and buoyancy were observed for 12 h. X-ray image showed that optimized formulation remained buoyant for more than 6 h. Optimized formulation treated group shows significant (p < 0.01) reduction in blood glucose level as compared to pure drug treated group. Repaglinide loaded floating microspheres expected to give new choice for safe, economical and increased bioavailable formulation for effective management of NIDDM.

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A Gram-stain-negative, motile, non-spore-forming, coccoid bacterium was isolated from a stool sample of a healthy human subject and formed cream colour colonies on tryptic soy agar. Almost full-length (1500 bp) small subunit rRNA (16S rRNA) gene sequences were generated and a similarity search was conducted by BLAST. The results of the similarity search indicated that the bacterium belongs to the class Betaproteobacteria, family Alcaligenaceae. It showed maximum sequence similarity (96.5 %) with Pelistega europaea CCUG 39967 T followed by Advenella mimigardefordensis DSM 17166 T (96.1 %) and Taylorella asinigenitalis LMG 19572 T (95.3 %). The DNA G+C content of strain HM-7 T was 42 mol%. Strain HM-7 T contained C 14 : 0 , C 16 : 0 , C 16 : 0 3-OH and C 18 : 0 as the dominant fatty acids. Morphological, physiological and biochemical data also indicated that strain HM-7 T represents a member of the genus Pelistega, but at the same time distinguished it from Pelistega europaea CCUG 39967 T , the only species of the genus with a validly published name. Based on polyphasic characterization we conclude that the bacterium represents a novel species of the genus Pelistega and propose the name Pelistega indica sp. nov., with strain HM-7 T (5MCC 2185 T 5DSM 27484 T ) as the type strain of the species.

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