Background:Remineralization of noncavitated enamel is dependent on the bioavailability of calcium, phosphate, and hydroxyl ions in saliva. However, it is enhanced by the presence of fluoride. This study compared the remineralizing potential of three different topical fluoride agents.Materials and Methods:Fifteen extracted premolars were selected for the study. The crown of each tooth was longitudinally sectioned buccolingually and mesiodistally using a diamond disc so as to obtain sixty specimens which were embedded in acrylic molds. The specimens were immersed in demineralizing solution for 3 days. The specimens were randomly assigned to four groups, namely Duraphat fluoride varnish, ReminPro paste, ClinPro Tooth Crème, and control group (no surface treatment). A pH cycling includes alternate demineralization and remineralization. Surface mean hardness (SMH) was recorded with 50 g load for 5 s using VHN machine at baseline, after demineralization and pH cycling. The four groups were compared for difference in SMH using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey–Kramer test. All testing was done with alpha 0.05.Results:SMH recovery results for ClinPro, Duraphat, and ReminPro were 54.88%, 43.42%, and 26.86%, respectively. The difference in the percentage SMH recovery for ClinPro paste was better than Duraphat and ReminPro, and this difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05).Conclusions:ClinPro tooth Crème showed the best remineralization potential among the three materials tested followed by Duraphat and ReminPro.
Context: Neoendo Flex and Mani Silk are recently launched nickel–titanium (NiTi) rotary files. Dentinal cracks and file separation remain a critical problem in the endodontic domain. Aim: The aim was to evaluate and compare the incidence of dentinal crack formation after root canal preparation with Neoendo flex and Mani silk files. Materials and Methods: Thirty-six extracted single-rooted premolars with straight, single root canals were selected for the study. The specimens were randomly assigned to three groups, with 12 samples in each group. The root canal preparation for the three groups was done with hand K-file, Mani Silk, and Neoendo Flex files, respectively, following which the specimens were horizontally sectioned at 3, 6, and 9 mm from the apex. Sectioned samples were viewed under a stereomicroscope to determine the presence or absence of dentinal cracks. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Chi-square test. Results: Hand K-files and Mani Silk files produced a lesser number of cracks than Neoendo Flex files; however, the difference was not statistically significant among the three file groups at 3 mm and 6 mm ( P > 0.05). A statistically significant difference between the groups was seen at 9 mm, where Mani Silk files produced fewer cracks than K files and Neoendo Flex files ( P = 0.007). Overall, Neoendo Flex significantly produced more cracks than Mani Silk and hand K-files ( P = 0.0029). Conclusions: Both hand K files and NiTi rotary instruments may cause dentinal cracks. Neoendo Flex files tend to produce more dentinal cracks than Mani silk and K-file.
The ultimate intent of a root canal therapy is directed towards the prevention and control of pulpal and periradicular infection .The curtailment of endodontic microbiota during root canal therapy is accomplished by various sequences of antimicrobial approaches in the form of various canal preparation and irrigation methods. Nevertheless it is recognized that chemo-mechanical instrumentation alone is unable to completely disinfect the root canal system 1. In study done by Tang G et al it was stated that the bacteria which remains in the root canal after instrumentation proliferates in between appointment 2. So to deal with such situation antimicrobial agents such as Calcium Hydroxide could be used as an intracanal medicament also breach in the treatment protocol can lead to endodontic failures with noticeable periapical changes in such situation intracanal medication in the form of calcium hydroxide is to be given.Calcium hydroxide was introduced to dentistry by Herman in 1920 3 . Today it is used widely as an intracanal medicament in the field of Endodontics 4,5 . Its antimicrobial property is directly related to diffusion of hydroxyl ion (OH -)ion resulting in an increase in the pH 6 .According to the study done by Estereia C et al there is a direct relation among concentration and velocity of ionic liberation with antimicrobial action 7 .
Background: The aim of the study is to assess the anxiolytic effects of yogic relaxation technique (YRT) in patients requiring root canal treatment (RCT). Materials and Methods: In this prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled study, 30 patients undergoing RCT with baseline visual analog scale for anxiety (VAS-A) of score >4 were divided into Group 1: YRTs; Group 2: alprazolam (0.25 mg/0.5 mg), and Group 3: placebo. After 30 min of completion of YRT, endodontic treatment was performed. Reduction in anxiety was analyzed using state anxiety score (domain) of the state-trait anxiety inventory scale. Results: There was no significant difference in anxiety score 1 h before RCT between groups ( P = 0.401). Ten minutes before ( P < 0.0001) and after RCT ( P < 0.0001), there was significant difference between groups (yogic relaxation vs. alprazolam [ P < 0.0001]; yogic relaxation vs. placebo [ P < 0.0001]). Ten minutes before RCT, yoga relaxation showed significant difference in anxiety score for pain versus alprazolam and placebo ( P < 0.0001 for both). Ten minutes after RCT, the change from baseline in mean anxiety score for pain was significantly different with yogic relaxation (versus alprazolam [ P = 0.043]; versus placebo [ P = 0.002]). As per the global assessment of efficacy, the response was excellent in 9 (90%), 2 (20%), and 1 (10%) patients in yoga relaxation group, alprazolam group, and placebo group, respectively. Difference in response between three groups was significant ( P < 0.0001). There was no significant difference in the global assessment of tolerability between three groups ( P = 0.535). No adverse events were reported. Conclusion: Before RCT, YRT is an effective alternative to anxiolytic agents, alprazolam.
Context: Use of root canal solvents has increased the success rate of endodontic retreatment and it has made the procedure faster and simpler. Aims: During retreatment, a solvent facilitates the removal of obturation material and root canal sealer by softening it, so as to obtain a root canal free of debris and microorganisms. Hence an invitro study was done to evaluate and compare the dissolving effect of RC Solve, Eucalyptus oil and G-sol on AH Plus Root Canal Sealer. Methods and Material: Thirty standardized stainless-steel rings filled with AH Plus sealer manipulated according to manufacturers instructions were prepared and placed ten minutes for complete setting in an incubator at 37°C for 48 hours and weighed to obtain the initial weight. The samples were divided into three equal groups of 10 each and immersed in RC Solve, Eucalyptus oil and G-sol for 10 minutes and dried in an incubator at 37°C for 24 hours and weighed again for final weight. The amount of sealer lost was determined by calculating the difference between initial and final weight. Results: The dissolving effect of AH Plus sealer on all three solvents showed a marked amount of weight loss (p<0.05). The best dissolving capability on AH Plus sealer was exhibited by Eucalyptus oil followed by RC Solve and least for G-Sol. The result of the ANOVA with a p-value of 0.004 indicated a significant difference of weight change of AH Plus sealer after immersion into RC Solve, Eucalyptus Oil and G-Sol. Conclusions: Based on the findings of this study, it was concluded that Eucalyptus oil has a slightly better solvent effect.
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