The purpose of this research was to develop a research-based reference book and applied it through the problem-based learning (PBL) using reference books in learning activities. The method for the reference book used the ADDIE development models. The reference book's effectiveness test results were conducted using a purposive sampling technique, with a total sample of 55 students and analyzed by t-test. The research results showed that the reference books of the development results were validated by media experts and material experts. The integration of the development of reference books in learning activities has an impact on increasing student understanding as demonstrated through the pre-test and post-test scores that differ significantly with t-value> t-table (4.149> 2.045) at p <0.05. Therefore, the development of the insect's immune system book with the PBL model increasthe student learning outcomes significantly. Also, this research has been able to improve students' ability and competence in solving problems in insects' immune system subject matter.

The ability of students to use Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is still not optimally integrated with learning. Even though most students already have gadgets, internet connections are available via campus hotspots. Based on this, learning in higher education cannot be separated from the use of computerized and online-based technology. The integration of ICT into vclass-based multimedia learning is a potential thing to develop. This vclass-based multimedia application is expected to improve habits of mind and conceptual understanding of biology cell of students. Improved learning outcomes can be demonstrated through conceptual understanding which are the ability to understand the concepts that exist in the learning material after the learning process takes place.

Low reading interest in high school students and the use of information and communication technology (ICT) are still not well integrated into learning. This is due to the lack of interesting biology textbooks and students’ habits in using gadgets for entertainment such as social media and games. For this reason, a solution to these problems is the development of pop-up books and virtual reality (VR) videos. This research uses the Research and Development method adapted from Borg and Gall by involving media and content experts for feasibility testing. The pop-up book and VR video evaluation were then carried out, the results showed feasibility without revision of 67% and some product revision suggestions. The results also showed the product responses to habits of mind (HoM) which included in the excellent category (3.7) from 100 students and 30 teachers even though preliminary test with a sample of high school graduates was still in the good category (3.2). Also, aspects of creative thinking are best between self-regulation and critical thinking. So, the implications of this research are pop-up book and VR videos are suitable as learning media also very good for improving students’ ha bits of mind.

This study aims to determine whether there is an effect of the PBL model assisted by the Zoom Breakout Rooms application on the scientific literacy abilities of the students in Grade X SMA Qur’an Darul Fattah Bandar Lampung on environmental change material. The design used in this study was a quasi-experimental design with a Pretest-Postest Non-equivalent (The Non-equivalent Control Group Design). The population of this study was all students of class X SMA Qur’an Darul Fattah Bandar Lampung for the academic year 2020/2021 with a sample of 24 students selected using cluster random sampling technique, namely class X IPA A and X IPA B. The instrument used in this study is test and questionnaires. The data in this study are quantitative data obtained from the average pretest, posttest, and N-gain scores which are then analyzed statistically using an independent sample t-test at a significance level of 5% through the SPSS 26.0. The results showed the average N-gain class (55,71 ± 22,51) in the medium category and the control class (19,50 ± 16,90) in the low category. Then, the questionnaire data on student responses to Zoom Breakout Rooms and the learning implementation observation sheet were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that there was an effect of the PBL model assisted by Zoom Breakout Rooms on students’ scientific literacy skills on environmental change material.

This research aimed to determine the effect of the discovery learning models using a google classroom to develop the scientific literacy abilities. The sample of this research is tenth grade students of science 2 and science 3 groups which are selected through purposive sampling technique. The data are analyzed statistically with an independent sample t-test. The average results of the N-gain scientific literacy ability of the experimental class (0.45 ± 0.11) with medium category and the control class (0.29 ± 0.14) with low category. The average percentage for student presentations is 83.75%, while the learning implementation observation sheet has a 94.4%. The results showed that there is a significant effect of using online discovery learning in google classroom environment towards the improvement of scientific literacy skills of tenth graders students in ecosystems topics.