The purpose of the study was to assess the bacterial spectrum in patients with chronic dacryocystitis and their antibiotic sensitivity pattern.
not available BSMMU J 2022; 15(3): 145
In a menopausal lady, a reduced level of estrogen hormone leads to changes in the intraocular pressure (IOP) and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in the eyes. This comparative study was carried out in the Outpatient Departments (OPD) of the Community Ophthalmology and Ophthalmology of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, from April 2017 to June 2019 to identify any difference in IOP and RNFL thickness in pre-menopausal and post-menopausal women aged 40-65 years. In this study, 60 pre-and post-menopausal women were included. Participants 40-50 years old with irregular menstruation were classified as group A, while those 51-65 years old with no menstruation for at least 12 months were classified as group B. More than one-fourth (26.7%) of participants had HTN in group A and 53.3% in group B. HTN was significantly associated with group B. The rise in menopausal age had a significant impact on the mean IOP and RNFL. The mean IOP in right eye (RE) was 11.80 (3.31) mm of Hg in Group A and 15.63 (3.01) mm of Hg in Group B. The mean IOP in left eye (LE) was 12.27(3.78) mm of Hg and 15.47(2.84) mm of Hg in Group A and Group B, respectively. The mean IOP of both eyes was 12.03±3.48 mmHg in Group A and 15.55±2.82 mmHg in Group B. The mean difference of IOP in RE, LE and both were statistically significant between the two groups. The mean RNFL in RE was 103.97±7.42 μm in Group A and 98.90±}6.21 μm in Group B. The mean RNFL in LE was 101.87±6.69 μm and 97.97±6.65 μm in Group A and Group B, respectively. The mean RNFL of both eyes was 102.92±7.77 μm in Group A and 98.45±7.86 μm in Group B. The mean RNFL was statistically significant between the two groups. Post-menopausal women are at an increased risk of developing elevated IOP and thin RNFL than premenopausal women. BSMMU J 2022; 15(2): 61-64
The computer vision syndrome has become a burning issue in this modern world with the advancement of the technology and its wide use. This study was planned to determine the prevalence of computer vision syndrome among professional computer workers as well as it’s associated risk factors. The cross-sectional study was conducted in the Departments of Community Ophthalmology and Ophthalmology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka from September 2017 to February 2020. The professionals using computer on an average 4 hours per day for a duration of at least 1 year attending out patient department for having treatment for their ocular problems were the study population. A total of 77 such subjects were consecutively included in the study. In this present study, the preva- lence of computer vision syndrome (CVS) was 46.8%. The present study demonstrated that middle class and upper-middle class professionals were more likely to be associated with CVS than the lower-middle class computer professionals with risk of developing CVS in former cohort was observed to be almost 3-fold (95% CI=1.1–7.5) higher than that in the latter cohort (p = 0.027). The duration of working on computer predisposes the development of CVS with mean duration of working was on an average 1.2 years higher in subjects with CVS than that in subjects without CVS. Subjects who maintained their level of personal computer(PC) at or above their eye level (while working on computer) were more prone to develop CVS with odds of developing the condition in them being 3.6(95% CI = 1.3-9.7) times higher than the subjects who maintained the level of PC below their eye level (p = 0.010). Glare display also emerged as significant predictor of CVS with odds having the condition being 9.8(95% CI = 1.1-88.6) times higher than that with PCs without glare display (p = 0.016). Seating posture at computer also have its impact on the development of CVS. Computer workers with inappro- priate seating posture are more often associated with the development CVS. The study concluded that over one-quarter of the computer professionals suffer from computer vision syndrome (CVS). The predominant symptoms of CVS are eye strain, irritation of eye, blurred vision and headache. The factors that contribute to the development of CVS are middle class and upper-middle class professionals, prolonged working exposure to computer, level of PC at or above the eye level of the workers, glare display on the screen and inappropriate seating posture. BSMMU J 2021; 14(3): 31-37
Dengue fever, borne by Aedes aegypti mosquito, is one of the most common and most prevalent forms of flavivirus infections in humans, endemic in tropics and warm temperate regions of the world. We report a spectrum of ocular manifestations of dengue fever along with its associated laboratory findings. To study the ocular manifestations associated with dengue fever. This study was conducted in 600 patients hospitalized with diagnosis of dengue fever over a period of 3 months from March 2019 to May 2019. All patients underwent complete evaluation with respect to systemic and ophthalmic examination in different institutions of Bangladesh. A total of 600 patients were diagnosed with dengue fever; of which, 375 (62.5%) were men and 225 (37.5%) were women. Mean age was 32 years (20–60 years). Only 195 patients (32.7%) had complaints of retrobulbar pain in the eyes. 10 patients (1.67%) had blurring of vision. Ocular findings were present in 340 patients (56.7%). Most common anterior segment findings were subconjunctival haemorrhage in 275 patients (45.8%). Posterior segment findings were present in 80 patients (13.3%); of which, 70 (87.5%) had retinal haemorrhages. Ocular changes had resolved in all the cases, which came for follow-up in 8–10 weeks. It was mostly attributed to the improving platelet count. The incidence of ocular complications in dengue fever is increasing, hence all patients with dengue should be referred to an ophthalmologist to prevent any sight-threatening BSMMU J 2022; 15(1): 16-19
In all countries, but especially those with low and middle incomes, there is concern regarding the effects of the pandemic on the most impoverished populations. These population groups have difficulties in adopting preventive measures (such as social isolation); they are exposed to a context of pragmatic vulnerability that increases the risk of contamination, and, if infection occurs, they have limited access to health services. It is a complex, dynamic context that requires special attention from governments.These conditions in which people live and express, to a greater or lesser extent, the risk of illness are called social determinants of health (SDH). Identifying the SDH that influences the dynamics of COVID-19 is of fundamental importance for dealing with the pandemic and its consequences, thus contributing to the definition of mitigating public policies.The Human Development Index and the Social Vulnerability Index are essential sources for studying the SDH. They help understand the context of the population's living conditions and thus support decision-making. The SVI measures the access, absence, or insufficiency of some assets in areas of the country's territory, which should, in principle, be available to every citizen due to the action of the State. The SVI varies from 0 to 1; the closer to 1, the greater the degree of social vulnerability. Based on this, our health policymakers should understand the relationship between COVID-19 and the population's living conditions to identify the SDH related to the incidence, mortality, and case-fatality rates of COVID-19.COVID-19 currently represents the leading global health, social, and economic challenges. In Bangladesh, the disease spread started in the country's most developed cities in early 2020. It has spread throughout the territory without delay, reaching smaller and more vulnerable areas whose populations are exposed to a chronic and historical context of social deprivation. This process of spatial dissemination justifies the complex influence of SDH on the spread of the virus across the country.But the 2 nd wave with the Delta variant of Covid-19 virus mainly spread
We report a rare case of perforated corneal ulcer due to recurrent viral keratitis with stromal necrosis and iris prolapse. The patient was 75 years old farmer, normotensive, diabetic, and presented with complaints of pain, watering, photophobia, redness and dimness of vision in the left eye. The left eye's visual acuity was perception of light and projection of rays in all four quadrants. Slit lamp examination found swollen eyelids, matted eyelashes, congested conjunctiva, seidel test positive, an inferonasal corneal perforation, shallow anterior chamber, irregular pupil, and prolapse of the iris through the perforated cornea. The patient was diagnosed with a left-sided perforated corneal ulcer (recurrent viral keratitis with stromal necrotizing variety) having iris prolapse. The perforation was sealed by cyanoacrylate glue and a soft bandage contact lens. This improved the patient’s condition. Early medical and surgical interventions thus can save vision as well as the eyeball. Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Journal 2023;16(1): 66-69
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