This study examined the factors that influence male participation in family planning and reproductive health in Bangladesh. Male involvement in family planning and reproductive health was measured by a simple composite index. This study revealed that male involvement in family planning is high about 63.2 percent in this area. Chisquared tests and binary logistic regression analysis were applied to determine the relationship between various kinds of variables and the probability of male involvement in family planning and reproductive health. The findings from the bivariate analysis suggested that age of husband, age of women, number of living children, women's education, women's occupation, husband's education, husband occupation, knowledge on contraceptive methods and STDs, social network and inter-spouse communication had significantly associated with male involvement in family planning and reproductive health. The result of logistic regression analysis showed that males were more likely to participate in family planning and reproductive health whose wives were educated , ,engaged in skilled works, acquainted with high knowledge on contraception, soundly interconnected with social network and get message about family planning and reproductive health from it, favorable spousal communication, husbands and wives had high age. Family planning programme should emphasis on male involvement in the action of family planning and reproductive health procedures in Bangladesh.
Objective: In standard PCNL usually placement of a double J stent and a nephrostomy tube is required.Several recent studies have reported the benefits of tubeless percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). Postoperatively,In standard PCNL patients have an indwelling ureteric stent placed, which is often associated with stent-related morbidity. We performed totally tubeless(without any stent or nephrostomy tube) PCNL.This study was conducted in the urology centre of Combined military Hospital,Dhaka, to evaluate the safety, effectiveness, and feasibility of totally tubeless PCNL and to compare with standard PCNL where both nephrostomy tube and double J stent were placed. Materials and Methods: From January 2018 to June 2019 , total 57 selected patients underwent standard or totally tubeless PCNL.In standard PCNL group, both D-J stent and nephrostomy tube were placed and Neither a nephrostomy tube nor a ureteral stent was placed in the totally tubeless PCNL group. We compared patient demographics and stone characteristics, operation time, length of hospital stay, analgesia requirements, stonefree rate, blood loss, change in creatinine, and postoperative complications between the standard and totally tubeless PCNL groups. Results: There were no significant differences in preoperative patient characteristics, postoperative complications, and the stone-free rate between the two groups, but the totally tubeless PCNL group showed a shorter hospital stay and a lesser analgesic requirement compared with the standard PCNL group. Blood loss and change in serum creatinine level were not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusions: Totally tubeless PCNL appears to be a safe and effective alternative for the management of renal stone in selected patients and is associated with a shorter length of hospital stay and less analgesic requirement. Bangladesh J. Urol. 2021; 24(1): 53-57
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In this study, the authors tried to identify the relationship between bank credit and agricultural output in Bangladesh. Simultaneously impact assessment of bank credit on agricultural output is also investigated. Different econometric techniques are used to determine the nature of the relationship between bank credit and agricultural output and the impact of bank credit. A total of 40 years (1981-2020) of annual time series data were collected from the Annual Reports of the Bangladesh Bank and World Bank’s world development indicators. Stationarity and cointegration tests were performed initially and then analyzed with Vector Error Correction Model, confirming a long-run relationship between bank credit and agricultural output. Additionally, univariate and multivariate OLS models are performed to identify the magnitude of bank credit’s impact on agricultural output. Both models revealed that bank credit positively and significantly affects agricultural production in Bangladesh. Based on these findings, the authors recommend additional fund allocation to the agricultural production system by the banks in Bangladesh.
Purpose. This study aimed to provide the central bank of Bangladesh with some empirical data on the impact of bank agricultural credit on agricultural output as a priority sector lending. Methodology / approach. Econometric analysis is applied to discover the nature of the relationship between banks’ agricultural credit and agricultural gross domestic product (GDP) and to find the impact of bank agricultural credit on agricultural output in Bangladesh. Data are extracted from secondary sources, i.e., Bangladesh Bank, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics, World Bank, and Ministry of Finance for 1991 to 2018. Time-series data are analyzed using the Augmented Dickey–Fuller (ADF) unit root test and the Johansen cointegration test and later examined with Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). Results. The Augmented Dickey–Fuller unit root test confirmed that the variables were non-stationary at their level data and became stationary after taking their first difference value. Since the variables are integrated at I(1), we performed the Johansen Co-integration test. Subsequently, one co-integration equation was found, and Vector Error Correction Model estimation was done afterwards. According to the results of VECM estimation, bank agricultural credit, pesticide consumption, and use of cropped areas have long-run relation with agricultural output. Originality / scientific novelty. This study reveals the nature of relationship and assessment of the impact of bank credit on agricultural GDP with empirically valid techniques and tools. In this context, the data from Bangladesh remains very rare. Moreover, for those works which have been done in the context of Bangladesh, appropriate methods and techniques are not always inherent. Hence, this significant research gap is addressed in our present study. Thus, we expect that the findings of this study from Bangladesh based on empirically valid standard techniques can incrementally contribute to the existing literature. Practical value / implications. Findings of this research, can be used as an information basis by the central bank of Bangladesh. Based on the findings of this research, Bangladesh Bank should initiate new policies and programs regarding agricultural credit for the projected increase in agricultural GDP in Bangladesh.
Dhaka, the capital, is a highly populated city in Bangladesh. Indiscriminate and unplanned urbanization, with narrow road networks, has made the city more vulnerable and risk-prone for any disaster. This study focuses on the identification of inaccessible roads and vulnerable areas of Dhaka city for improving search and rescue operations, response initiatives, and debris management. For the study purposes, four different locations of Dhaka city have been selected to analyze the accessibility of emergency vehicle and equipment for rescue operations. The narrowest roads and vulnerable areas including individual houses have been identified using ArcGIS. The analysis reveals that a maximum of 60% houses of old Dhaka has been found vulnerable whereas in Uttara there are 2.4% vulnerable houses. In addition, the traffic volume analysis is performed for the most vulnerable area in terms of narrow roads. Thus, vulnerable houses have been identified on the basis of maximum congestion in a scenario of no disaster to access basic facilities like hospital and fire stations.
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