This review paper focuses on the current state of poultry waste generation, composition, and management techniques in commercial poultry farms and trading in Bangladesh, to reduce pol¬lution and generate economic benefits from poultry waste. It also underlines the negative impact of poultry waste disposal on the environment. In Bangladesh, collection of poultry waste into bags and, subsequently, direct use as fertilizer in agricultural fields and aquaculture is common, while alternative disposal methods such as composting and biogas generation are now attracting commercial poultry producers. Direct use of poultry manure results in poor air and soil quality, environmental deterioration, detrimental effects on global health, climate change due to high levels of atmospheric ammonia, and the creation of significant amounts of greenhouse gases. Lack of knowledge and investment, as well as high demand for free land for composting, are important obstacles. Future research on precise waste characterization improved understanding of poultry waste management, and increased efforts on developed waste disposal for a safe environment are therefore recommended. So, poultry waste, which is currently a burden on the environment, could be turned into a useful agricultural resource, which would be useful for the poultry industry.
Pesticide application against insect pest infestation is environmentally unsafe and costly. An attempt was taken to evaluate the solar light trap as ecofriendly and cost-effective approach in Transplanted Aman rice (BRRI dhan32) field at Barhatta Upazila (Sub-district) in Netrokona district of Bangladesh. It was found that rice pest like Rice yellow stem borer, Rice leaf roller, Green leaf hopper, Brown plant hopper, Rice leaf miner, Rice gall midge, White leafhopper, Rice bug, Rice ear cutting caterpillar, White-backed planthopper, Rice caseworm, Grasshopper, Rice skipper and Rice beetle were the major insects that captured under the solar light traps. Some beneficial insects were also attracted by the trap these were Ladybird beetle, Water scavenger, Giant water bug, Ground beetle, Rove beetle, Damsel fly. All the harmful and the beneficial insects were belonging the order of Lepidoptera, Hemiptera, Orthoptera, Coleoptera, Diptera and Odonata. Though the mean yield of rice was statistically insignificant in both fields, the light trap installed fields required the less frequency of pesticides than the control fields which ultimately rendered the low pesticides cost in a great extent. On an average 1,034 BDT was reduced in per hectare.
SAARC J. Agric., 20(1): 171-183 (2022)
Country bean (Lablab purpureus L.), a popular vegetable in Bangladesh, is severely affected by insect pests and diseases. Farmers’ perceptions of insect pests, diseases, and their management are critical constraints to the establishment of an effective and sustainable pest management approach for this crop. A comprehensive survey was conducted with 300 country bean farmers from six districts of Bangladesh to assess farmers’ perceptions and knowledge of the insect pests and diseases of country bean, and their management practices. The survey results show that country bean farmers have been facing varying pest problems for more than ten years. They could identify eight pests and only one beneficial insect species in their fields, including thrips and jute weevil, as new pests. Among the pests, aphids and pod borers were common in all surveyed areas. More than 80% of farmers said their bean plants were severely affected by bean yellow mosaic virus and white mold diseases. Farmers also mentioned that insect pests and diseases together caused 30–40% yield losses of this crop. About 76% of the farmers solely depended on different chemical pesticides for the production of country bean. Growers frequently used insecticides from the organophosphorus and neonicotinoid groups, and fungicides from the triazole group, to manage pests associated with this crop. Farmers start applying pesticides from the seedling stages, at three-day intervals, maintaining only two- to four-day pre-harvest intervals (PHI). Our findings provide insight into the importance of developing sustainable pest management approaches for country bean production in Bangladesh.
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