Like all over the world in Bangladesh especially in Madaripur Sadar, women have been involving in politics with the passage of democratic revolution. They have participated in politics for their empowerment in political and other sectors. The purpose of the study was to investigate the actual empowerment of the women who were involved in politics either elected on non-elected, by identifying their decision making and controlling power over political party and family. 120 respondents up to 18 years old were selected as sample from the study area following cluster and purposive sampling procedure. This study has been conducted by both qualitative and quantitative data. Although there were some limitations of the researcher like limited time and resources, limited access to resources, limited information and so on, it has been found valuable result. Such as many women have been involving in politics in recent years but they have not been empowered actually. Because, they depend on male persons of the party and are controlled by senior male leaders. Most of the women are elected in their areas in different elections with the help of the popularity of their father or husband. They have participated in the election for the reserved seats. Sometimes, they are known to the general people by the name of their father or husband. Even though they are political leaders, they have no control over the family members. But almost all of them said that political participation has empowered them although a large portion of the respondents said the difficulties of doing politics besides male.
The study was undertaken to assess the extent and pattern of cultural change in Gopalganj district of Bangladesh. To this end, primary data were collected from the rural people from Gopalganj Sadar, Tungipara and Kotalipara upazila of Gopalganj district. A multistage sampling technique was used in selecting the respondent. Five-point Likert scale was used to evaluate the attitudes of the rural people towards cultural changes in the study area. Descriptive statistics, tabular as well as graphical techniques were used in analyzing the data. Result found from the descriptive statistics indicates that majority of the respondents were within the age group of 31-40 years whereas 21% respondents fall within the age category of 51-60 years. In regards to educational background, it is found that majority of the respondents completed their primary education and 17% respondents completed higher secondary education. Regarding the occupational status of the respondents, it is seen that 39% were involved with crop production whereas 16% were livestock farming. The empirical results show that 34% rural people strongly agree and 47% agree with the idea that there is a recreational change in rural society. In terms of the food habit changes, it is observed that 24% of the respondents strongly agree that the pattern of food habit has changed in rural society whereas 3% strongly disagree in this regard. Findings of the study show that 43% of the respondents agree that there is an occupational change in the rural society, and 11% were strongly agree with the statement. With respect to the changes in the communication pattern in rural society, the present study shows that 23% of the rural people agree and 59% strongly agree with the view that communication pattern has changed in the rural society. In the past, Jatra pala, radio and puthi path were the dominant source of recreation whereas facebook, you tube, mobile phone and colour television are found as the main source of recreation at present. In regards to the occupational pattern of the respondents, it is found that crop production and paid labour were the principal occupation of rural people in the past whereas at present mobile and servicing related business, computer and accessories related business, fast food business, poultry farming, internet outsourcing related occupation is found as dominant.
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