Introduction: In developing countries like Bangladesh, post-infectious glomerulonephritis (PIGN) is the common form ofacute glomerulonephritis having its changing pattern over recent decades. The aim of the study was to analyze the clinicalprofile of PIGN in local scenario. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Shaheed Sheikh AbuNaser Specialized Hospital, Khulna during period from 2017 to 2019. A total of 67 cases of PIGN were identified on thebasis of clinical features, laboratory parameters with recent history of infection. The patients’ records were reviewed withrespect to clinical data. Patients with reduced complement level were included. Result: The age range of the patients wasbetween 2 and 55 years with male predominance. The study revealed that 32.8% of patients had a recent history of sorethroat, 31.3 % of patients had a history of skin infection and rest 35% had a history of fever. Moreover, during presentation68% of patients had hypertension and 37 % of patient had renal impairment. In this study, majority of patients (53%)presented with one plus to two plus proteinuria and the rest of the patients (37%) presented with three plus proteinuria ondipstick. After 2 weeks of follow up, the presence of hematuria found in 58 patients out of 67, proteinuria found in 14patients out of 61 and renal impairment found in 5 patients out of 25. Conclusion: PIGN has been changing with respect toage, proteinuria and renal function. To follow-up periodically and reduction in overcrowding of the patients, would be oneof the superior suggestions to reduce the spread of infectious diseases in our country. Medicine Today 2020 Vol.32(2): 130-133
Background: Recent studies have shown that mast cells play an important role in the pathogenesis of irritable bowel syndrome as they release variable mediators which alter enteric nerve and smooth muscle function. The aim of this study was to determine whether mucosal mast cells were increased in the colonic mucosa of IBS patients compared to controls. Materials and Methods: This case-control study was conducted in the Department of Gastroenterology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, during the period from April 2016 to March 2017 on cases of IBS and comparison group. We recruited 25 IBS patients and 25 healthy controls for this study. Colonoscopic biopsy was taken from the caecum, ascending colon, descending colon, and rectum. Tissue was stained with Giemsa, and then quantitative evaluation of mast cells was performed. Mast cells counts were compared between the two groups of patients. Results: Mast cells were significantly higher in the caecum, ascending colon, descending colon, and rectum in all subtypes of IBS patients compared to control (10.40±2.10, 6.76±1.83, 8.08±2.19, and 9.16±2.46 vs. 4.20±1.01, 3.32±0.69, 3.04±0.84, and 3.84±1.07 per HPF, respectively). Among four sites, mast cells were significantly higher in the caecum in IBS patients. Mucosal mast cells were relatively elevated in IBS-D patients compared to IBS-C and IBS-M patients, but this was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Mast cells were significantly increased in the caecum, ascending colon, descending colon, and rectum of the patients with IBS compared to controls. These findings suggest that mast cells may play an essential role in the pathogenesis of IBS. TAJ 2021; 34: No-2: 09-14
Introduction: Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) accounts for 10–15% of all strokes and is characterized by a 30–50% 3-month mortality rate. Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) extension can be seen in up to 54% of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage and is an independent predictor of worse outcome and neurological deterioration. Objective: To predict outcome and prognosis in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage patient in relation with intraventricular hemorrhage extension. Materials and Methods: Hospital based prospective study carried out in two hundred hemorrhagic stroke patients. The severity of intraventricular hemorrhage extension was calculated using the Graeb scale and volume of hemorrhage was measured by ABC/2 formula using CT scan. Results: Mean age of patients of hemorrhagic stroke was 61.64 ± 12.76 years. 66% of patients were male. Mortality rate of hemorrhagic stroke after the age of 60 years was 47.92% in 1st month. 79.80% of patients were died with GCS score less than 8. In our study 96.08% of patient died with >50 ml Hemorrhage group, on the other hand mortality rate was 48% in 30-50ml hemorrhage group and 11.12% in <30ml hemorrhage group. Mortality rate was 61.17% in hemorrhagic stroke with ventricular extension group on the other hand mortality was 21.65% in hemorrhagic stroke without ventricular extension. Those patients with GRAEB score >5 their mortality rate was 75.00% on the other hand mortality was 49.10% in GRAEB score 1-4. Conclusion: Intraventricular hemorrhage extension increased mortality in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. Increased IVH extension severity, defined by a GRAEB score _5, is an independent predictor of poor outcome of Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage alone with age, GCS and hemorrhage volume. Medicine Today 2023 Vol.35(1): 34-39
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