At a farm in Chiba Prefecture, in October 1996, an 18-month-old black Japanese heifer introduced from Hokkaido frothed abundantly at the mouth and showed nervous symptoms. Pathological investigation revealed perivascular cuffing, actively proliferating glia cells, and neuronophagias in the cerebrum.The lesions were present but relatively mild in the spinal cord. Immunoperoxidase staining showed the specific Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) antigen in degenerated nerve cells. In addition, pathological findings indicated that the lungs were affected by fibrous pleuropneumonia.JEV was isolated from the brain and Pasteurella haemolytica from the lung. Two of four heifers reared in the same shed showed a significant rise in the hemagglutination-inhibiting antibody titer to JEV.
Liquid and semi-solid enteric dosage forms were prepared by entrapping drug with an appropriate partition coefficient in a lipid base vehicle which would then be released by the action of intestinal enzymes. Lipid ester derivatives such as glyceryl monocaprylate and polysorbate 80 were used as vehicles. These vehicles readily dissolved the poorly water-soluble compounds used in the study, itazigrel, indomethacin and the dye, sudan II, and were digested by lipase and esterase, releasing the test drugs with time profiles similar to those observed in dissolution studies. The vehicles released little or only a small amount of the drugs into aqueous medium in the absence of an appropriate enzyme. The enzyme-sensitive enteric vehicles when containing sudan II did not release the dye in the stomach of rats after oral administration, but released significant amounts of the dye in the small intestine.
The effects of particle size and food on the absolute bioavailability of U-78875 in dogs after oral administration of either a suspension or tablet dosage form were investigated. A reduction of particle size caused a significant increase in bioavailability along with an increase in dissolution rate. Additionally, both suspension and tablet dosage forms administered after food caused an increase in bioavailability. Thus, to accelerate drug dissolution, a reduction of U-78875 particle size from the unmilled state is important for the optimization of formulation compositions. To increase the bioavailability of U-78875, postprandial dosing should be considered. I "U-7887 5,3-(5-cyclopropyl-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3 -yl) -5 -( 1 -methylthyl)imidazo[l,5-alquinoxalin-4(5H)-one, is an anxiolytic agent. Solubility of 2679
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