Os dados dos programas de monitoramento, têm sido pouco utilizados para subsidiar a tomada de decisões dos gestores das bacias hidrográficas. Diversas ferramentas podem ser adotadas, mas é fundamental que a primeira etapa seja através de análise descriminante. Esta análise, permite ao gestor distinguir, dentro de um conjunto de variáveis, quais são as que podem ser eleitas como indicadoras de processos de impacto (singularidades) daquelas que são provavelmente um atributo variável a longo prazo no sistema (intrínseco). O objetivo deste estudo é identificar e avaliar a estrutura intrínseca e as singularidades do corpo hídrico, com base nas variáveis físicas, químicas e biológicas de qualidade das águas, da Bacia do Rio Vermelho/MT, usando dados de monitoramento de longa duração (2006 a 2017), tendo como foco estabelecer um critério técnico para priorização de ações de conservação na bacia. A metodologia consiste no emprego de métodos estatísticos multivariados, da análise fatorial (AF) e da análise de componentes principais (ACP). Os resultados indicaram que os métodos estatísticos são eficientes para ranquear os parâmetros, de modo que os parâmetros: cor, demanda química de oxigênio, nitrogênio total, coliformes totais, cloreto, resíduo não filtrável, Escherichia coli, fosforo total, turbidez, resíduo total possuem maior peso na variância e são as variáveis características das alterações do corpo hídrico enquanto que: temperatura do ar, temperatura da água; nitrogênio amoniacal; nitrogênio nitrito, pH; oxigênio dissolvido, DBO , ortofosfato, vazão média; e nitrato, podem ser caracterizadas pela baixa variância como as variáveis intrínsecas do rio, que são de ordem natural do corpo hídrico. As potencialidades e limitações da metodologia e dos dados são discutidas. Considerando a complexidade de usos múltiplos da bacia, que incluem áreas de produção agrícola, unidades de conservação, PCHs, áreas urbanas e terras indígenas, frente ao cenário de tendência de perda da qualidade das águas, recomenda-se que a Bacia do Rio Vermelho seja incluída como prioridade nas estratégias de manejo e conservação.
BACKGROUND: Augmented reality (AR) involves digitally overlapping virtual objects onto physical objects in real space so that individuals can interact with both at the same time. AR in medical education seeks to reduce surgical complications through high-quality education. There is uncertainty in the use of AR as a learning tool for interventional radiology procedures. OBJECTIVE: To compare AR with other learning methods in interventional radiology. DESIGN AND SETTING: Systematic review of comparative studies on teaching techniques. METHODS: We searched the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, Embase, Tripdatabase, ERIC, CINAHL, SciELO and LILACS electronic databases for studies comparing AR simulation with other teaching methods in interventional radiology. This systematic review was performed in accordance with PRISMA and the BEME Collaboration. Eligible studies were evaluated using the quality indicators provided in the BEME Collaboration Guide no. 11, and the Kirkpatrick model. RESULTS: Four randomized clinical trials were included in this review. The level of educational evidence found among all the papers was 2B, according to the Kirkpatrick model. The Cochrane Collaboration tool was applied to assess the risk of bias for individual studies and across studies. Three studies showed an improvement in teaching of the proposed procedure through AR; one study showed that the participants took longer to perform the procedure through AR. CONCLUSION: AR, as a complementary teaching tool, can provide learners with additional skills, but there is still a lack of studies with a higher evidence level according to the Kirkpatrick model.
Splenic tumors are relative. Epidemiologically, splenic hamartoma can similarly affect both genders, regardless of age. Most patients are asymptomatic but there are some cases with hematological symptoms-anemia, thrombocytopenia, and infections, as well as clinical symptoms caused by the tumor mass. The objective of this work is to describe a case of splenic hamartoma highlighting its imaging findings.
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Introduction. Grandparents, in particular, are recognized as the "first line of defense" when families are disturbed, disorganized, or in need, often contributing time, care, and financial resources as needed. The ties between grandparents and grandchildren are known for their diversity of content, covering a wide continuum of care and intergenerational support. This study aims to identify, evaluate, and summarize the best available scientific evidence about the influence of grandparents on grandchildren. Method. A systematic search of the relevant literature was conducted in the PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, PsycINFO, SciELO SCOPUS, WEB OF SCIENCE, and LILACS databases, for articles published up to February 8, 2021, relating to studies evaluating the influence of grandparents on grandchildren. Results. 13 cross-sectional studies were selected. In five studies, financial issues are analyzed and in eight studies nutrition issues are evaluated. The studies were from four different continents – Oceania, Asia, North America, and Europe. Conclusion. Grandparents in the caregiver role influence the grandchildren's upbringing and this influence is linked to the amount of time they spend together. Culture and ethnic factors have a strong impact on this influence. Grandparents contribute to grandchildren concerning finances, regardless of social class or educational level. However, with food, grandparents with a lower educational level than their children, tend to provide a less healthy diet for their grandson. Thus, grandparents are a very valuable audience in awareness campaigns about infant feeding to reduce childhood obesity.
Introdução: A capsulite adesiva é uma patologia pouco recorrente por sua etiologia pouco definida e controversa. O diagnóstico inicia-se com a avaliação clínica da existência de comprometimento da mobilidade articular, observando-se a qualidade e a consistência dos movimentos de rotação interna e externa e abdução dos ombros. Objetivo: Relatar um caso de capsulite adesiva diagnosticado por meio de ultrassonografia. Relato do caso: Homem com 63 anos referindo grande limitação da movimentação do ombro esquerdo por dois meses, impossibilitando a execução de tarefas diárias. Ao exame físico, apresentou importante limitação de movimento da articulação do ombro esquerdo, com dificuldade para elevar e aduzi-lo e incapacidade de abduzir e rotacionar o ombro externa e internamente. O paciente também apresentou incapacidade para responder aos testes de Neer e Yokum. A ultrassonografia identificou espessamento do ligamento coracoumeral no ombro esquerdo, levando aodiagnóstico de capsulite adesiva. Conclusão: Os exames de imagem se mostraram efetivos no diagnóstico da capsulite adesiva, principalmente em virtude do espessamento do ligamento coracoumeral e da hipervascularização no intervalo rotador detectados por meio de ultrassonografia.Palavras-chave: Capsulite adesiva, Ligamentos articulares, Ultrassonografia, Articulação do ombro ABSTRACT Introduction: Adhesive capsulitis is a rare disease due to its etiology. The diagnosis of adhesive capsulitis begins with a clinical evaluation assessing the existence of impaired joint mobility, observing the quality and consistency of internal rotation, external rotation and shoulder abduction movements. Objective: To report a case of adhesive capsulitis diagnosed by ultrasound. Case Report: A 63-year-old man reporting severe limitation of left shoulder movement for two months, making it impossible for him to perform administrative tasks. On physical examination,he showed significant limitation of movement of the left shoulder joint, with difficulty in elevation and adduction of the shoulder, inability to perform abduction, external rotation, and internal rotation of the shoulder. The patient also showed an inability to respond to the Neer and Yokum tests. Ultrasonography identified the thickening of the coracohumeral ligament in the left shoulder, leading to the diagnosis of adhesive capsulitis. Conclusion: Imaging tests are effective in the diagnosis of adhesive capsulitis, mainly through coracohumeral ligament thickening andhypervascularization in the rotator interval detected by ultrasonography.Keywords: Adhesive capsulitis, Cohumeral ligament, Ultrasonography, Shoulder joint
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